Chang Yu-Kai, Etnier Jennifer L, Li Ruei-Hong, Chen Ying-Chu, Hung Chen-Sin, Chen Feng-Tzu, Chen Chung-Yu, Chu Chien-Heng
Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute for Research Excellence in Learning Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Sport Science and Innovations, Lithuanian Sports University, Kaunas, Lithuania.
Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, NC, USA.
Psychol Sport Exerc. 2025 Jan;76:102748. doi: 10.1016/j.psychsport.2024.102748. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
This study assessed the association between cardiorespiratory fitness and carriage of the apolipoprotein-E ε4 (APOE ε4) alleles and cognitive function using behavioral and neuroelectric measures obtained from cognitively normal older adults. A total of 159 adults aged 50-70 years were categorized into four groups based on cardiorespiratory fitness (i.e., higher vs. lower fitness) and the APOE genotype status (i.e., APOE ε4 carrier vs. non-carrier). Neurocognitive functions were indexed using response time and accuracy measures from the Stroop task and averaged mean P3 amplitudes of event-related potentials obtained during task performance. A significant main effect of cardiorespiratory fitness (p = .01) and the Stroop congruency (p < .001), but not the APOE genotype status, with shorter response times for the higher fitness group than for the lower fitness group and for the congruent condition relative to the incongruent condition, were observed. Similar findings were also revealed, with larger averaged mean P3 amplitudes for the higher fitness group than those in the lower fitness group, and in the congruent condition than in the incongruent condition. These findings suggest that higher cardiorespiratory fitness is linked to better neurocognitive function, and the positive association is evident regardless of the APOE ε4 status and the cognitive domain assessed in cognitively normal older adults.
本研究使用从认知正常的老年人身上获得的行为和神经电测量方法，评估了心肺适能与载脂蛋白Eε4（APOEε4）等位基因携带情况及认知功能之间的关联。共有159名年龄在50至70岁之间的成年人，根据心肺适能（即较高适能与较低适能）和APOE基因型状态（即APOEε4携带者与非携带者）被分为四组。神经认知功能通过Stroop任务中的反应时间和准确性测量以及任务执行期间获得的事件相关电位的平均P3波幅进行指标化。观察到心肺适能（p = .01）和Stroop一致性（p < .001）有显著的主效应，但APOE基因型状态没有，较高适能组的反应时间比较低适能组短，且一致条件下的反应时间相对于不一致条件下的更短。还发现了类似的结果，较高适能组的平均P3波幅比较低适能组大，且一致条件下的平均P3波幅比不一致条件下的大。这些发现表明，较高的心肺适能与更好的神经认知功能相关联，并且无论APOEε4状态如何以及在认知正常的老年人中评估的认知领域如何，这种正相关都是明显的。
