Shi M Q, Zhang W X, Ni T Y, Lin C J, Cong N, Zheng Y, Chen B J, Min S Y, Ma R, Chi F L
Department of Nursing, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200031, China.
ENT Institute and Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University/Shanghai Auditory Medical Center/NHC Key Laboratory of Hearing Medicine (Fudan University), Shanghai 200031, China.
Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi. 2024 Sep 24;104(36):3392-3396. doi: 10.3760/cma.j.cn112137-20240623-01395.
To explore the related factors of anxiety and anxiety tendency in patients with tinnitus. A cross-sectional study was carried out. Basic information, tinnitus characteristics, and psychological status of patients who complained of tinnitus in the Outpatient Department of Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University between January 2020 and December 2023 were collected. All patients filled out the self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and underwent pure tone audiometry testing. According to the SAS scores, patients were divided into three groups: non-anxiety group (SAS<40), anxiety tendency group (40≤SAS<50), and anxiety group (SAS≥50). The related factors of anxiety and anxiety tendency were analyzed using multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis. A total of 176 patients (57 males and 119 females) aged (49.4±10.7) years (range: 13-76 years)were included, with the onset time of 3 days-37 years. There were 78 cases (44.3%), 65 cases (36.9%) and 33 cases (18.8%) in the non-anxiety group, the anxiety tendency group and the anxiety group, respectively. The duration of disease in the anxiety group [(43.4±15.1) months] was significantly longer than that in the anxiety tendency group [(27.2±5.3) months] and the non-anxiety group [(19.6±3.5) months], with statistically significant differences (both <0.05). The proportion of female patients in the anxiety group [81.8% (27/33)] and anxiety tendency group [75.4% (47/65)] was significantly higher than that in the non-anxiety group [57.7% (45/78)], and the differences were statistically significant (both <0.05). The proportion of patients with emotional disorders [12.1% (4/33) vs 2.6% (2/78)], stress [15.1% (5/33) vs 3.9% (3/78)], and sleep disorders [48.5% (16/33) vs 23.1% (18/78)] in the anxiety group was significantly higher than that in the non-anxiety group (all <0.05). The proportion of patients only had sleep disorders in the anxiety tendency group [38.5% (25/65) vs 23.1% (18/78)] was higher than that in the non-anxiety group, with a statistically significant difference (<0.05). The results of multivariate ordered logistic regression analysis showed that sleep disorders werethe most significant factor affecting anxiety and anxiety tendency in tinnitus patients (=2.667, 95%: 1.451-4.909, =0.002). A significant proportion of tinnitus patients exhibit anxiety and anxiety tendency, and sleep disorders play a major role in the development of anxiety and anxiety tendencies in tinnitus patients.
探讨耳鸣患者焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素。进行了一项横断面研究。收集了2020年1月至2023年12月期间在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院门诊就诊的耳鸣患者的基本信息、耳鸣特征及心理状态。所有患者均填写了自评焦虑量表（SAS）并接受纯音听力测试。根据SAS评分，将患者分为三组：非焦虑组（SAS<40）、焦虑倾向组（40≤SAS<50）和焦虑组（SAS≥50）。采用多因素有序逻辑回归分析焦虑及焦虑倾向的相关因素。共纳入176例患者（男性57例，女性119例），年龄（49.4±10.7）岁（范围：13 - 76岁），发病时间为3天至37年。非焦虑组、焦虑倾向组和焦虑组分别有78例（44.3%）、65例（36.9%）和33例（18.8%）。焦虑组的病程[（43.4±15.1）个月]显著长于焦虑倾向组[（27.2±5.3）个月]和非焦虑组[（19.6±3.5）个月]，差异有统计学意义（均<0.05）。焦虑组[81.8%（27/33）]和焦虑倾向组[75.4%（47/65）]的女性患者比例显著高于非焦虑组[57.7%（45/78）]，差异有统计学意义（均<0.05）。焦虑组中患有情绪障碍[12.1%（4/33） vs 2.6%（2/78）]、压力[15.1%（5/33） vs 3.9%（3/78）]和睡眠障碍[48.5%（16/33） vs 23.1%（18/78）]的患者比例显著高于非焦虑组（均<0.05）。焦虑倾向组中仅患有睡眠障碍的患者比例[38.5%（25/65） vs 23.1%（18/78）]高于非焦虑组，差异有统计学意义（<0.05）。多因素有序逻辑回归分析结果显示，睡眠障碍是影响耳鸣患者焦虑及焦虑倾向的最显著因素（=2.667，95%：1.451 - 4.909，=0.002）。相当一部分耳鸣患者表现出焦虑及焦虑倾向，睡眠障碍在耳鸣患者焦虑及焦虑倾向的发生发展中起主要作用。
