Mutalipova Gulmira, Bekaryssova Dana, Yessirkepov Marlen, Bekarissova Sholpan
Department of Biology and Biochemistry, South Kazakhstan Medical Academy, Shymkent, Kazakhstan.
Astana Medical University, Astana, Kazakhstan.
Rheumatol Int. 2024 Dec;44(12):2847-2851. doi: 10.1007/s00296-024-05725-y. Epub 2024 Sep 22.
Rheumatic diseases encompass a range of entities affecting the musculoskeletal system and connective tissue due to immune dysregulation. These entities include rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, and ankylosing spondylitis that present significant medical and social challenges by impacting individuals' quality of life and working capacity. In developing countries, where healthcare access is limited, the burden of these diseases is particularly severe. Analyzing the regional epidemiological characteristics of rheumatic diseases may enhance our understanding of risk factors and aid in developing targeted preventive measures. This study utilized data from the Republican Centre for Health Development in Kazakhstan from 2018 to 2021. The incidence of various rheumatic diseases was examined in the adult population of Shymkent, Kazakhstan, including rheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis, scleroderma, and ankylosing spondylitis. Shymkent's total number of rheumatic disease cases rose from 52,617 in 2018 to 52,781 in 2021. Primary morbidity increased from 18,381 to 21,677 cases. Incidence rates for systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic scleroderma, and ankylosing spondylitis increased, while cases of rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis showed fluctuation. Gender distribution analysis revealed that women were more frequently affected by rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus whereas men were more prone to ankylosing spondylitis. The results underscore the need to tailor diagnostic and treatment approaches to account for age-and gender-specific differences in rheumatic diseases. The increased incidence of some diseases calls for new prevention and treatment strategies. This study highlights the significant burden of rheumatic diseases in Shymkent, Kazakhstan and emphasizes the importance of local epidemiological research in adapting medical practices to regional specifics.
风湿性疾病包括一系列因免疫失调而影响肌肉骨骼系统和结缔组织的病症。这些病症包括类风湿性关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮和强直性脊柱炎，它们通过影响个人生活质量和工作能力，带来了重大的医疗和社会挑战。在医疗保健机会有限的发展中国家，这些疾病的负担尤为严重。分析风湿性疾病的区域流行病学特征，可能会增进我们对风险因素的理解，并有助于制定有针对性的预防措施。本研究利用了哈萨克斯坦共和国健康发展中心2018年至2021年的数据。对哈萨克斯坦奇姆肯特成年人口中各种风湿性疾病的发病率进行了检查，包括类风湿性关节炎、痛风、骨关节炎、系统性红斑狼疮、皮肌炎、硬皮病和强直性脊柱炎。奇姆肯特的风湿性疾病病例总数从2018年的52,617例增至2021年的52,781例。原发性发病率从18,381例增至21,677例。系统性红斑狼疮、系统性硬皮病和强直性脊柱炎的发病率上升，而类风湿性关节炎和骨关节炎的病例数出现波动。性别分布分析显示，女性更易患类风湿性关节炎和系统性红斑狼疮，而男性更容易患强直性脊柱炎。结果强调，需要调整诊断和治疗方法，以考虑到风湿性疾病中年龄和性别的差异。一些疾病发病率的上升需要新的预防和治疗策略。本研究突出了哈萨克斯坦奇姆肯特风湿性疾病的重大负担，并强调了当地流行病学研究在使医疗实践适应区域特点方面的重要性。
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