Cmar Jennifer L, Antonelli Karla
The National Research and Training Center on Blindness and Low Vision, Mississippi State University.
New Review (Alex). 2024;2(1):42-57. doi: 10.56733/tnr.23.0006.
The purpose of this study was to use a systematic process to adapt the JOBS program, an evidence-based job search intervention, for use with unemployed adults with visual impairments and implementation via videoconferencing.
The Planned Adaptation approach, an established framework for adapting evidence-based practices, guided the adaptations. The four-step Planned Adaptation process comprised examining the program's theory of change, identifying population differences, adapting the program content, and adapting the evaluation strategy.
The original JOBS program has five key components, two critical causal mechanisms, and several potential moderators. Differences between the original and new target populations include needs, experiences, and employment barriers. Adaptations included activity changes, new processes to enhance outcomes, and changes to the implementation procedures. The evaluation plan for the adapted program includes a pilot study to test the updated activities, processes, and procedures, followed by an efficacy study to assess outcomes.
The JOBS program was a strong candidate for systematic adaptation due to its theoretical foundation, thorough documentation, and established active ingredients. Stakeholder input increased the relevance and feasibility of the adaptations. Future research is needed to evaluate the adapted program and its outcomes.
After completion of the evaluation plan, the new JOBS adaptation will be available for practitioners to use with adults with visual impairments. Practitioners may find the Planned Adaptation approach useful for adapting other programs to better meet the needs of the population they serve.
本研究的目的是运用系统流程，对基于证据的求职干预项目JOBS进行调整，使其适用于有视力障碍的失业成年人，并通过视频会议实施。
计划调整法是一种既定的基于证据的实践调整框架，指导了本次调整。计划调整的四个步骤包括审视项目的变革理论、识别目标人群差异、调整项目内容以及调整评估策略。
原始的JOBS项目有五个关键组成部分、两个关键因果机制以及若干潜在调节因素。原始目标人群与新目标人群的差异包括需求、经历和就业障碍。调整内容包括活动变更、提升效果的新流程以及实施程序的变更。调整后项目的评估计划包括一项试点研究，以测试更新后的活动、流程和程序，随后进行一项效能研究以评估结果。
由于其理论基础、详尽的文档记录和已确定的有效成分，JOBS项目是系统调整的有力候选对象。利益相关者的投入增加了调整的相关性和可行性。需要未来的研究来评估调整后的项目及其结果。
评估计划完成后，新的JOBS调整版本将可供从业者用于有视力障碍的成年人。从业者可能会发现计划调整法对于调整其他项目以更好地满足他们所服务人群的需求很有用。
