Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
National Center of Animal Health, Ministry of Agriculture, Livestock and Marine Resources, Tripoli, Libya.
Open Vet J. 2024 Aug;14(8):2057-2072. doi: 10.5455/OVJ.2024.v14.i8.35. Epub 2024 Aug 31.
Commercial embryo flushing of horses has required hormonal management of both the donor and recipient mares throughout the breeding season.
This study aimed to find out the effect of using human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) and prostaglandin F2α (PG) on the ovarian and uterine dynamics and hemodynamics, estradiol (E2), progesterone, oxidants-antioxidants, and blood biochemicals in embryo donor mares during the hottest months of the year in a subtropical climate.
Three Control estrous cycles of native mares (10-20 years; = 10) followed by two treated cycles with hCG and PGF2α were examined daily from May to August using Doppler ultrasound with blood sampling. Circulating, progesterone (P4), total cholesterol, total proteins, albumin, haptoglobin, nitric oxide (NO), catalase, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), and myeloperoxidase were measured in blood serum.
Days during the control estrous cycle impacted the dominant follicle (DF) diameter ( < 0.0001), antrum diameter ( < 0.0001), area ( < 0.0001), antral area ( < 0.0001), and color area % ( > 0.05), and corpus luteum (CL) diameter ( < 0.0001). PG tended to impact DF diameter ( > 0.05) but influenced its antrum diameter ( < 0.05), color area ( < 0.05), CL diameter ( < 0.01), and area ( = 0.013). Days after hCG tended to impact DF antrum diameter ( > 0.05) and the antrum area ( > 0.05), but influenced CL diameter ( < 0.0001). PGF2α and hCG increased uterine horn area ( = 0.016) and color area ( = 0.023), total cholesterol ( < 0.0001), and NO ( < 0.0001) levels but hCG increased the levels of myeloperoxidase ( < 0.005), total proteins ( < 0.001), and albumin ( < 0.0001). Globulins achieved the highest level ( = 0.054) but the Albumin/globulin ratio reached a minimum value on Day 0 of the control mares ( < 0.0001). PGF2α increased LDH ( < 0.0001) and sharply declined ( = 0.028) progesterone.
In conclusion, the treatment protocols of hCG and PGF2α showed minimal effects on the produced ovulating follicles and can be used during the summer season to manage embryo donor mares.
商业化的胚胎冲洗需要在整个繁殖季节对供体和受体母马进行激素管理。
本研究旨在探究在亚热带气候下，使用人绒毛膜促性腺激素（hCG）和前列腺素 F2α（PG）对供体母马的卵巢和子宫动力学以及血液动力学、雌二醇（E2）、孕酮、氧化应激-抗氧化剂和血液生化的影响。
使用多普勒超声和采血，对 3 个本地母马的对照发情周期（10-20 岁；=10）进行了检查，然后对 2 个接受 hCG 和 PGF2α 处理的发情周期进行了检查，检查时间从 5 月到 8 月。在血清中测量循环孕酮（P4）、总胆固醇、总蛋白、白蛋白、触珠蛋白、一氧化氮（NO）、过氧化氢酶、碱性磷酸酶、乳酸脱氢酶（LDH）和髓过氧化物酶。
对照发情周期中的天数影响了主导卵泡（DF）的直径（ < 0.0001）、窦卵泡直径（ < 0.0001）、面积（ < 0.0001）、窦卵泡面积（ < 0.0001）和颜色面积%（>0.05），以及黄体直径（ < 0.0001）。PG 倾向于影响 DF 直径（ > 0.05），但影响其窦卵泡直径（ < 0.05）、颜色面积（ < 0.05）、黄体直径（ < 0.01）和面积（=0.013）。hCG 后天数倾向于影响 DF 窦卵泡直径（ > 0.05）和窦卵泡面积（ > 0.05），但影响黄体直径（ < 0.0001）。PGF2α 和 hCG 增加了子宫角面积（ = 0.016）和颜色面积（ = 0.023）、总胆固醇（ < 0.0001）和 NO（ < 0.0001）水平，但 hCG 增加了髓过氧化物酶（ < 0.005）、总蛋白（ < 0.001）和白蛋白（ < 0.0001）水平。球蛋白达到最高水平（=0.054），但白蛋白/球蛋白比值在对照母马的第 0 天达到最低值（ < 0.0001）。PGF2α 增加了 LDH（ < 0.0001），并急剧下降（=0.028）孕酮。
综上所述，hCG 和 PGF2α 的治疗方案对产蛋卵泡的影响很小，可在夏季用于管理胚胎供体母马。
