Biostatistics, Research & Development (R&D), AlloDx Biotech (Shanghai), Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China.
Xiang'an Hospital of Xiamen University, School of Medicine, Xiamen University, Xiamen, China.
Front Immunol. 2024 Sep 6;15:1435578. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1435578. eCollection 2024.
The donor-derived cell-free DNA (ddcfDNA) is found in the plasma and urine of kidney transplant recipients and displays notable potential in diagnosing rejection, specifically antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR). Nonetheless, the quantitative methods of ddcfDNA lacking standardization and diverse detection techniques can impact the test outcomes. Besides, both the fraction and absolute values of ddcfDNA have been reported as valuable markers for rejection diagnosis, but they carry distinct meanings and are special in various pathological conditions. Additionally, ddcfDNA is highly sensitive to kidney transplant injury. The various sampling times and combination with other diseases can indeed impact ddcfDNA detection values. This review comprehensively analyses the various factors affecting ddcfDNA detection in kidney transplantation, including the number of SNPs and sequencing depths. Furthermore, different pathological conditions, distinct sampling time points, and the presence of complex heterologous signals can influence ddcfDNA testing results in kidney transplantation. The review also provides insights into ddcfDNA testing on different platforms along with key considerations.
供体来源的无细胞游离 DNA（ddcfDNA）存在于肾移植受者的血浆和尿液中，在诊断排斥反应，特别是抗体介导的排斥反应（ABMR）方面具有显著的潜力。然而，ddcfDNA 的定量方法缺乏标准化，检测技术多种多样，这可能会影响检测结果。此外，ddcfDNA 的分数和绝对值都被报道为排斥反应诊断的有价值的标志物，但它们在不同的病理条件下具有不同的意义和特殊性。此外，ddcfDNA 对肾移植损伤高度敏感。不同的采样时间和与其他疾病的结合确实会影响 ddcfDNA 的检测值。本综述全面分析了影响肾移植中 ddcfDNA 检测的各种因素，包括 SNP 数量和测序深度。此外，不同的病理条件、不同的采样时间点以及复杂的异源信号的存在都会影响肾移植中 ddcfDNA 的检测结果。该综述还介绍了不同平台上的 ddcfDNA 检测以及关键注意事项。
