Chen Yu, Shao Zhuowei, Wu Shibo
Department of Respiratory Medicine, The Affiliated Lihuili Hospital of Ningbo University, Ningbo, China.
Health Science Center, Ningbo University, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Noncoding RNA Res. 2024 Sep 4;10:63-69. doi: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2024.09.004. eCollection 2025 Feb.
In recent years, there has been a mounting occurrence of lung cancer, which stands as one of the most prevalent malignancies globally. This rise in incidence poses a significant hazard to human health, making lung cancer a matter of grave concern. It has been shown that tRNA-derived small non-coding RNA (tsRNA) is involved in the development of tumors, especially lung cancer, through mechanisms such as regulating mRNA stability, influencing protein translation, and acting as epigenetic regulators. Recent studies have shown that tsRNA is abnormally expressed in the plasma and tissues of lung cancer patients, and its expression level is closely related to the malignancy degree and postoperative recurrence of lung cancer. Therefore, for lung cancer patients, tsRNA represents a promising non-invasive biomarker, exhibiting significant potential for facilitating early diagnosis and prognostic evaluation, and for achieving precision treatment of lung cancer by regulating its expression. This article focuses on the biogenesis of tsRNA and its ability to promote lung cancer cell proliferation and invasion. In addition, the specific clinical significance of tsRNA in lung cancer was discussed. Finally, we discuss the need for further improvement of small RNA sequencing technology, and the future research directions and strategies of tsRNA in lung cancer and tumor diseases were summarized.
近年来，肺癌的发病率不断上升，它是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。发病率的上升对人类健康构成了重大威胁，使肺癌成为一个备受关注的严重问题。研究表明，tRNA衍生的小非编码RNA（tsRNA）通过调节mRNA稳定性、影响蛋白质翻译以及作为表观遗传调节因子等机制参与肿瘤的发生发展，尤其是肺癌。最近的研究表明，tsRNA在肺癌患者的血浆和组织中异常表达，其表达水平与肺癌的恶性程度和术后复发密切相关。因此，对于肺癌患者而言，tsRNA是一种有前景的非侵入性生物标志物，在促进早期诊断和预后评估以及通过调节其表达实现肺癌精准治疗方面具有巨大潜力。本文重点关注tsRNA的生物合成及其促进肺癌细胞增殖和侵袭的能力。此外，还讨论了tsRNA在肺癌中的具体临床意义。最后，我们探讨了小RNA测序技术进一步改进的必要性，并总结了tsRNA在肺癌及肿瘤疾病中的未来研究方向和策略。
