Cancela-Carral José M, Campo-Prieto Pablo, Rodríguez-Fuentes Gustavo
Departamento de Didácticas Especiais, Facultade de Ciencias da Educación e do Deporte, Universidade de Vigo, E-36005 Pontevedra, Spain.
HealthyFit Research Group, Galicia Sur Health Research Institute (IIS Galicia Sur), SERGAS-UVIGO, E-36312 Vigo, Spain.
J Funct Morphol Kinesiol. 2024 Sep 3;9(3):156. doi: 10.3390/jfmk9030156.
high-intensity exercise is a feasible and effective modality in the early stages of Parkinson's disease (PD). However, there are only a few studies that have carried out this type of intervention in customizable immersive virtual reality (IVR) environments. We explore the feasibility and effects of IVR-based high-intensity training through rowing and cycling exercises on the functional capacity, quality of life, and progression of PD.
a total of 12 participants (61.50 ± 10.49 years old; 41.7% female, 58.3% male; stages I-III) were part of the study, which consisted of interventions of rowing and cycling in an IVR commercial exergame (25 min; twice per week for 14 weeks). The main variables measured were functional capacity, handgrip strength, functional mobility (TUG), functional lower-limb strength (FTSST), aerobic capacity (2-min step test), quality of life (PDQ-39), and Parkinson's disease progression (MDS-UPDRS).
the results showed a general improvement in handgrip strength in both hands ( = 0.008; d = 0.28), FTSST ( = 0.029; d = 0.96), and TUG times ( = 0.152; d = 0.22). Aerobic capacity, assessed by a 2-min step test, showed enhanced scores ( = 0.031; d = 0.78). Related to the PDQ-39, all dimensions of the scale were enhanced, highlighting activities of daily living ( = 0.047; d = 0.29) and bodily discomfort ( = 0.041; d = 0.37). Finally, the main symptoms of the disease were reduced, with an improvement in the parameters that show a better incidence of disease progression, such as Part IA and IB ( = 0.013; d = 0.29 and = 0.021; d = 0.25, respectively), Part II ( = 0.021; d = 0.23), Part III ( = 0.040; d = 0.39), and Part IV ( = 0.013; d = 0.39).
the therapeutic exercise (rowing and cycling), when carried out at a high intensity and in a personalized IVR scenario, appear to be a feasible and safe modality for patients with stages I-III of PD, improving their functional capacity, quality of life, and disease progression.
高强度运动在帕金森病（PD）早期是一种可行且有效的方式。然而，仅有少数研究在可定制的沉浸式虚拟现实（IVR）环境中进行过此类干预。我们通过划船和骑自行车运动探索基于IVR的高强度训练对PD患者功能能力、生活质量和病情进展的可行性及效果。
共有12名参与者（年龄61.50±10.49岁；女性41.7%，男性58.3%；疾病分期为I - III期）参与本研究，研究包括在一款IVR商业健身游戏中进行划船和骑自行车干预（每次25分钟；每周两次，共14周）。测量的主要变量包括功能能力、握力、功能移动性（定时起立行走测试）、下肢功能力量（功能性下肢力量测试）、有氧运动能力（2分钟台阶测试）、生活质量（帕金森病问卷-39项）和帕金森病进展情况（运动障碍协会统一帕金森病评定量表）。
结果显示双手握力（P = 0.008；效应量d = 0.28）、功能性下肢力量测试（P = 0.029；效应量d = 0.96）和定时起立行走测试时间（P = 0.152；效应量d = 0.22）总体有所改善。通过2分钟台阶测试评估的有氧运动能力得分提高（P = 0.031；效应量d = 0.78）。与帕金森病问卷-39项相关，该量表的所有维度均有所改善，突出表现在日常生活活动（P = 0.047；效应量d = 0.29）和身体不适（P = 0.041；效应量d = 0.37）方面。最后，疾病的主要症状减轻，疾病进展相关参数如第一部分A和B（分别为P = 0.013；效应量d = 0.29和P = 0.021；效应量d = 0.25）、第二部分（P = 0.021；效应量d = 0.23）、第三部分（P = 0.040；效应量d = 0.39）和第四部分（P = 0.013；效应量d = 0.39）均有改善。
对于I - III期PD患者，在个性化IVR场景中进行的高强度治疗性运动（划船和骑自行车）似乎是一种可行且安全的方式，可改善其功能能力、生活质量和疾病进展情况。
