Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protestion of Ministry of Education (In Cultivation), Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Guizhou Key Laboratory of Anesthesia and Organ Protection, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Neurochem Res. 2024 Dec;49(12):3297-3307. doi: 10.1007/s11064-024-04230-9. Epub 2024 Sep 23.
The zona incerta (ZI) predominantly consists of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABAergic) neurons, located adjacent to the lateral hypothalamus. GABA, acting on GABAA receptors, serves as a crucial neuromodulator in the initiation and maintenance of general anesthesia. In this study, we aimed to investigate the involvement of ZI GABAergic neurons in the general anesthesia process. Utilizing in-vivo calcium signal optical fiber recording, we observed a decrease in the activity of ZI GABAergic neurons during isoflurane anesthesia, followed by a significant increase during the recovery phase. Subsequently, we selectively ablated ZI GABAergic neurons to explore their role in general anesthesia, revealing no impact on the induction of isoflurane anesthesia but a prolonged recovery time, accompanied by a reduction in delta-band power in mice under isoflurane anesthesia. Finally, through optogenetic activation/inhibition of ZI GABAergic neurons during isoflurane anesthesia, we discovered that activation of these neurons facilitated emergence without affecting the induction process, while inhibition delayed emergence, leading to fluctuations in delta band activity. In summary, these findings highlight the involvement of ZI GABAergic neurons in modulating the emergence of isoflurane anesthesia.
中间脑区(ZI)主要由γ-氨基丁酸(GABAergic)神经元组成,位于外侧下丘脑附近。GABA 通过 GABAA 受体发挥作用,是全身麻醉开始和维持的关键神经调节剂。在这项研究中,我们旨在研究 ZI GABAergic 神经元在全身麻醉过程中的作用。我们利用在体钙信号光纤记录,观察到异氟烷麻醉期间 ZI GABAergic 神经元的活性降低,随后在恢复阶段显著增加。随后,我们选择性地消融 ZI GABAergic 神经元,以探索它们在全身麻醉中的作用,结果表明它们对异氟烷麻醉的诱导没有影响,但恢复时间延长,同时在异氟烷麻醉下的小鼠中 delta 波段功率降低。最后,通过在异氟烷麻醉期间对 ZI GABAergic 神经元进行光遗传激活/抑制,我们发现激活这些神经元有助于苏醒,而不影响诱导过程,而抑制则延迟苏醒,导致 delta 波段活动的波动。总之,这些发现强调了 ZI GABAergic 神经元在调节异氟烷麻醉苏醒中的作用。