University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Waters Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
University of Belgrade - Institute for Multidisciplinary Research, Department of Inland Waters Biology and Protection, Kneza Višeslava 1, 11030, Belgrade, Serbia.
Chemosphere. 2024 Oct;365:143385. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.143385. Epub 2024 Sep 21.
This study aimed to determine concentrations of 29 elements in the gills and liver as well as biomarker response in gills, liver, and blood of European chub from Pek River (exposed to long-term mining activities), and to compare these findings with individuals from Ibar River (influenced by emission of treated municipal wastewater) and Kruščica reservoir (source of drinking water) using inductively-coupled plasma optical emission spectrometry (ICP-OES). The metal pollution index (MPI) was also calculated. Supporting analyses for the detection of the municipal wastewater presence at investigated localities included analyses of microbiological indicators (total coliforms and Escherichia coli) of faecal pollution. We have assessed biomarker responses from molecular to organism level using the condition index, comet assay, micronucleus test, oxidative stress parameters, histopathological alterations, and fluorescence spectroscopy parameters. Multibiomarker analysis was summarized by Integrated Biomarker Response v2 (IBRv2). Among these locations, Kruščica exhibited the lowest, whereas the Pek River displayed the highest values for both categories of indicator bacteria. Due to the porphyry copper ores mining, individuals from Pek River had several times higher Cu concentrations in both gills and liver compared to the other localities which was confirmed by biomarker responses and IBRv2 value. On the contrary, fish from Kruščica reservoir were the least affected by elemental pollution which is also confirmed by low MPI and IBRv2 values. Responses of biomarkers correspond to the elemental accumulation in the liver and gills of the Ibar River are positioned between the Pek River and Kruščica reservoir. Of all the biomarkers analyzed in this study, the condition index was the least sensitive. The results of this study showed that fluorescence spectroscopy may be a method for fast screening of structural changes in gills caused by the pollution burden.
本研究旨在测定欧洲鱒鳃和肝脏中 29 种元素的浓度，以及鳃、肝和血液中的生物标志物反应，研究对象为来自 Pek 河（受长期采矿活动影响）的个体，并将这些发现与来自 Ibar 河（受处理城市污水排放影响）和 Kruščica 水库（饮用水源）的个体进行比较，使用电感耦合等离子体发射光谱法（ICP-OES）。还计算了金属污染指数（MPI）。为了检测研究地点是否存在城市污水，还进行了微生物指标（总大肠菌群和大肠杆菌）的粪便污染分析。我们使用条件指数、彗星试验、微核试验、氧化应激参数、组织病理学改变和荧光光谱参数，从分子水平到机体水平评估了生物标志物的反应。多生物标志物分析由综合生物标志物反应 v2（IBRv2）总结。在这些地点中，Kruščica 的指示菌数量最低，而 Pek 河的指示菌数量最高。由于斑岩铜矿开采，Pek 河的个体鳃和肝脏中的 Cu 浓度比其他地点高出数倍，这一点得到了生物标志物反应和 IBRv2 值的证实。相反，来自 Kruščica 水库的鱼类受元素污染的影响最小，这也得到了低 MPI 和 IBRv2 值的证实。生物标志物的反应与 Ibar 河肝脏和鳃中元素的积累相对应，位于 Pek 河和 Kruščica 水库之间。在本研究中分析的所有生物标志物中，条件指数的灵敏度最低。本研究的结果表明，荧光光谱可能是一种快速筛选因污染负荷引起的鳃结构变化的方法。
