Smíd K, Dvorák J, Hrusovský J
Vet Med (Praha). 1985 Sep;30(9):531-41.
The influence of feedstuffs treated with ionizing radiation on the nutrition of dogs was tested in four groups of animals. Two groups were administered for 90 days a ration, the main part of which (VETACAN meat feed mixture and VETAVIT loose feed mixture) was irradiated with radioisotope Co 60 of the intensity of 25 kGy/kg, in other two groups of dogs the nonirradiated ration was used for the same time period. The control groups of dogs were put together for these two diets. The laboratory examination of irradiated feedstuffs confirmed their complete microbiological and mycological intactness. However, the irradiation brought about a significant 35% degradation of essential amino acids with an increase of ammonia nitrogen, destructive changes in the lipid component of feedstuffs and a partial decomposition of the saccharide part of the VETAVIT feed mixture, expressed by the acidity of water extract. The sensory evaluation of irradiated feedstuffs did not show any perceptible alterations. The haematological examination of the blood of animals, which had been administered irradiated feed rations, demonstrated a significant negative influence on the blood picture. The biochemical examination of the blood serum and plasma revealed that total proteins of experimental dogs dropped and the creatinine level was also significantly decreased. Neither was the level of carbohydrate nutrition nor the energy saturation affected by irradiation. The glucose levels in the blood serum of dogs fluctuated within the range of physiological reference values. The growth of free ammoniacal bases of feedstuffs, evoked by ionizing radiation, conditioned obviously the level of actual pH of blood in dogs as determined in this study. The destruction of lipoid fraction in the feedstuffs induced a decrease in the activity of lipophile retinol and thus the biological value of feeds was impaired. The biochemical examination of ALT, AST and ALP enzyme activity did not show any increased activity of parenchyma, in particular of liver cell. A decisive role of the biological quality of feed ration for utilization of some minerals was demonstrated by a significant decrease of the magnesium level in animals administered irradiated feed rations without any biological supplementation. On the contrary, the potassium, calcium and phosphorus levels did not reflect this dietary difference between the groups.
在四组动物中测试了经电离辐射处理的饲料对犬营养的影响。两组动物连续90天喂食一种日粮，其主要部分（VETACAN肉类饲料混合物和VETAVIT散装饲料混合物）用强度为25 kGy/kg的放射性同位素钴60进行辐照，另外两组犬在相同时间段内使用未辐照的日粮。这两种日粮的犬对照组放在一起。对辐照饲料的实验室检查证实其微生物学和真菌学完全完好。然而，辐照导致必需氨基酸显著降解35%，氨氮增加，饲料脂质成分发生破坏性变化，VETAVIT饲料混合物的糖类部分部分分解，表现为水提取物的酸度增加。辐照饲料的感官评价未显示任何明显变化。喂食辐照饲料日粮的动物血液的血液学检查表明对血液图像有显著负面影响。血清和血浆的生化检查显示，实验犬的总蛋白下降，肌酐水平也显著降低。碳水化合物营养水平和能量饱和度均未受辐照影响。犬血清中的葡萄糖水平在生理参考值范围内波动。本研究确定，电离辐射引起的饲料游离氨碱增加明显影响了犬血液的实际pH值水平。饲料中类脂部分的破坏导致亲脂性视黄醇活性降低，从而损害了饲料的生物学价值。ALT、AST和ALP酶活性的生化检查未显示实质器官尤其是肝细胞的活性增加。在未进行任何生物补充的情况下，喂食辐照饲料日粮的动物体内镁水平显著降低，这表明日粮的生物学质量对某些矿物质的利用起决定性作用。相反，钾、钙和磷水平并未反映出两组之间的这种饮食差异。
