UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
UAB School of Medicine, Birmingham, Alabama, USA
BMJ Case Rep. 2024 Sep 25;17(9):e261096. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2024-261096.
Pneumocephalus is defined as the abnormal presence of air in the intracranial cavity. Pneumocephalus is most commonly caused by trauma, but there are rare reports of pneumocephalus secondary to allergy-induced sinusitis. In this report, we present a woman in her 60s who presented to the emergency department with a chief complaint of headache after experiencing a 'popping' sensation in her ears while sneezing. Over the course of a day, she began experiencing severe pain across the forehead along with copious amounts of clear rhinorrhea. A head CT without contrast was ordered, and findings revealed large amounts of intracranial air visualised diffusely throughout the subarachnoid spaces and the anterior horn of the left lateral ventricle. A diagnosis of pneumocephalus was confirmed. This patient made a full recovery without surgical intervention. Standard conservative therapy included bed rest, head elevation, avoidance of activities that increase intracranial pressure and antibiotic prophylaxis for meningitis.
气颅是指颅内出现异常的空气。气颅最常见于外伤,但也有罕见的因过敏引起的鼻窦炎导致气颅的报道。在本报告中,我们介绍了一位 60 多岁的女性,她在打喷嚏时感到耳朵“砰砰”作响后,因头痛到急诊就诊。在一天的时间里,她开始出现严重的前额疼痛,并伴有大量清亮的鼻涕流出。头部 CT 平扫未增强,结果显示大量颅内空气弥漫分布于蛛网膜下腔和左侧侧脑室前角。确诊为气颅。该患者未经手术干预即完全康复。标准的保守治疗包括卧床休息、头部抬高、避免增加颅内压的活动以及预防性使用抗生素治疗脑膜炎。