Ruan Zenan, Li Hengwei
Department of Public Administration, Hangzhou Institute of Administration, Hangzhou 310024, China.
School of Philosophy, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
Entropy (Basel). 2024 Sep 5;26(9):761. doi: 10.3390/e26090761.
Integrated Information Theory (IIT) is one of the most prominent candidates for a theory of consciousness, although it has received much criticism for trying to live up to expectations. Based on the relevance of three issues generalized from the developments of IITs, we have summarized the main ideas of IIT into two levels. At the second level, IIT claims to be strictly anchoring consciousness, but the first level on which it is based is more about autonomous systems or systems that have reached some other critical complexity. In this paper, we argue that the clear gap between the two levels of explanation of IIT has led to these criticisms and that its panpsychist tendency plays a crucial role in this. We suggest that the problems of IIT are far from being "pseudoscience", and by adding more necessary elements, when the first level is combined with the second level, IIT can genuinely move toward an appropriate theory of consciousness that can provide necessary and sufficient interpretations.
整合信息理论（IIT）是意识理论中最突出的候选理论之一，尽管它因试图达到预期而受到诸多批评。基于从IIT发展中概括出的三个问题的相关性，我们将IIT的主要思想总结为两个层面。在第二个层面，IIT声称严格锚定意识，但它所基于的第一个层面更多地涉及自主系统或达到其他某种关键复杂性的系统。在本文中，我们认为IIT两个解释层面之间的明显差距导致了这些批评，并且其泛心论倾向在其中起到了关键作用。我们认为IIT的问题远非“伪科学”，通过添加更多必要元素，当第一个层面与第二个层面相结合时，IIT能够真正朝着一个能够提供必要且充分解释的适当意识理论迈进。
