Li Dongxiao, Liu Chang, Tao Shusheng, Cai Jieming, Zhong Biao, Li Jie, Deng Wentao, Hou Hongshuai, Zou Guoqiang, Ji Xiaobo
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, People's Republic of China.
School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Engineering, Xiangtan, 411104, People's Republic of China.
Nanomicro Lett. 2024 Sep 27;17(1):22. doi: 10.1007/s40820-024-01504-3.
High-entropy materials represent a new category of high-performance materials, first proposed in 2004 and extensively investigated by researchers over the past two decades. The definition of high-entropy materials has continuously evolved. In the last ten years, the discovery of an increasing number of high-entropy materials has led to significant advancements in their utilization in energy storage, electrocatalysis, and related domains, accompanied by a rise in techniques for fabricating high-entropy electrode materials. Recently, the research emphasis has shifted from solely improving the performance of high-entropy materials toward exploring their reaction mechanisms and adopting cleaner preparation approaches. However, the current definition of high-entropy materials remains relatively vague, and the preparation method of high-entropy materials is based on the preparation method of single metal/low- or medium-entropy materials. It should be noted that not all methods applicable to single metal/low- or medium-entropy materials can be directly applied to high-entropy materials. In this review, the definition and development of high-entropy materials are briefly reviewed. Subsequently, the classification of high-entropy electrode materials is presented, followed by a discussion of their applications in energy storage and catalysis from the perspective of synthesis methods. Finally, an evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of various synthesis methods in the production process of different high-entropy materials is provided, along with a proposal for potential future development directions for high-entropy materials.
高熵材料是一类新型高性能材料，于2004年首次提出，在过去二十年中受到研究人员的广泛关注。高熵材料的定义不断演变。在过去十年中，越来越多高熵材料的发现推动了其在储能、电催化及相关领域应用的重大进展，同时制备高熵电极材料的技术也有所增加。最近，研究重点已从单纯提高高熵材料的性能转向探索其反应机制和采用更清洁的制备方法。然而，目前高熵材料的定义仍相对模糊，且高熵材料的制备方法基于单一金属/低或中熵材料的制备方法。需要注意的是，并非所有适用于单一金属/低或中熵材料的方法都能直接应用于高熵材料。在本综述中，简要回顾了高熵材料的定义和发展。随后，介绍了高熵电极材料的分类，接着从合成方法的角度讨论了它们在储能和催化方面的应用。最后，对不同高熵材料生产过程中各种合成方法的优缺点进行了评估，并提出了高熵材料未来可能的发展方向。
