Zhang Haopeng, Sun Huaze, Huang Shuo, Lan Jingming, Li Haiyang, Yue Hongyan
School of Materials Science and Chemical Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
Crit Rev Anal Chem. 2024 Sep 27:1-26. doi: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2401504.
In recent years, biomass carbon materials have received widespread attention in the field of electrochemical sensors. As a new type of renewable green energy, biomass carbon has the advantages of low cost and abundant resources. After special treatment, it can be used as an ideal electrode material. Since biomass carbon materials have diverse sources and their morphology is difficult to control, researchers have conducted in-depth research on their preparation process, morphology regulation and application. This review summarizes different biomass carbon structures and their preparation methods and explores the applications of these materials in electrochemical sensors. Modification of biomass carbon materials through pretreatment, physical and chemical activation, heteroatom doping, metal compound composite and other methods can make up for the deficiencies in its pore structure, electrical conductivity and surface wettability, thereby improving its electrochemical performance. The effects of different biomass sources, functional groups, constituent elements and modification methods on the morphology, structure and electrochemical properties of biomass carbon materials are discussed, and the applications of this type of material in biological molecules, heavy metal ions and pesticide residues are reviewed. Biomass carbon-based materials show great application potential and development prospects in the field of electrochemical sensors.
近年来，生物质碳材料在电化学传感器领域受到广泛关注。作为一种新型可再生绿色能源，生物质碳具有成本低、资源丰富的优点。经过特殊处理后，它可作为理想的电极材料。由于生物质碳材料来源多样且形貌难以控制，研究人员对其制备工艺、形貌调控及应用进行了深入研究。本文综述了不同生物质碳结构及其制备方法，并探讨了这些材料在电化学传感器中的应用。通过预处理、物理和化学活化、杂原子掺杂、金属化合物复合等方法对生物质碳材料进行改性，可以弥补其孔隙结构、电导率和表面润湿性方面的不足，从而提高其电化学性能。讨论了不同生物质来源、官能团、组成元素和改性方法对生物质碳材料形貌、结构和电化学性能的影响，并综述了这类材料在生物分子、重金属离子和农药残留检测方面的应用。生物质碳基材料在电化学传感器领域显示出巨大的应用潜力和发展前景。
