Yang Jing, Yang Cheng, Yang Guang, Wang Ronglin, Li Junqiang, Song Yang
Department of Oncology, Tangdu Hospital, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, 710038, China.
Discov Oncol. 2024 Sep 27;15(1):504. doi: 10.1007/s12672-024-01212-9.
The Hippo-Yes-associated protein (Hippo-YAP) signaling pathway, a conserved pathway that regulates organ size, participates in tumor progression. However, there are few comprehensive analyses of tumor prognosis and immunity. In the present study, TCGA, GTEx, GEO, TIMER2, STRING, GSCA, ImmuCellAI, and other bioinformatics tools were used to reveal the involvement of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway in the prognosis and immunity of pan-cancers. The obtained results showed that mRNA expression differences of Hippo-YAP pathway genes between normal samples and tumor samples in pan-cancers and some genes (such as TEAD4, MAP4K4, and STK3) might affect the prognosis of patients with skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM) and pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD). Furthermore, mutation and methylation of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway genes in normal and primary tumor tissues differ in various cancers (KIRP, BRCA). Additionally, the relationship between the tumor microenvironment, molecular pathways, and the Hippo-YAP pathway indicated that it might lead to a suppressive immune microenvironment that affects the efficacy of immunotherapy. This is a pan-cancer overview of the Hippo-YAP signaling pathway genes, which explores the aberrant expression or mutation of this pathway that regulates the tumor microenvironment and immunotherapy.
Hippo-Yes相关蛋白（Hippo-YAP）信号通路是一条保守的调节器官大小的信号通路，参与肿瘤进展。然而，对肿瘤预后和免疫的综合分析较少。在本研究中，使用了TCGA、GTEx、GEO、TIMER2、STRING、GSCA、ImmuCellAI等生物信息学工具来揭示Hippo-YAP信号通路在泛癌预后和免疫中的作用。所得结果表明，泛癌中正常样本与肿瘤样本之间Hippo-YAP通路基因的mRNA表达差异，以及一些基因（如TEAD4、MAP4K4和STK3）可能影响皮肤黑色素瘤（SKCM）和胰腺腺癌（PAAD）患者的预后。此外，正常组织和原发性肿瘤组织中Hippo-YAP信号通路基因的突变和甲基化在各种癌症（KIRP、BRCA）中存在差异。另外，肿瘤微环境、分子通路与Hippo-YAP通路之间的关系表明，它可能导致抑制性免疫微环境，影响免疫治疗的疗效。这是对Hippo-YAP信号通路基因的泛癌概述，探讨了该通路调节肿瘤微环境和免疫治疗的异常表达或突变。
