Department of Data Science, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
HY Digital Healthcare Center, Hanyang University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Sep 27;24(1):2597. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-20088-6.
Physical activity has been shown to correlate with mental health and a reduction in symptoms of depression. However, the majority of research has focused only on the effects of either aerobic or nonaerobic exercise on depressive symptoms, while the use of novel technological innovations such as mobile phone-based activity programs and their effects on movement characteristics are underrepresented. This study had two objectives: (1) to investigate how effectively 4 weeks of mobile phone-based physical activity can affect depressive scores (CES-10-D and PHQ) and fitness levels and (2) to investigate the whether 4 weeks of mobile phone-based physical activity affected participants' movement characteristics.
A total of 31 participants were included and divided into an exercise group (n = 21) and a control group (n = 10). The exercise group was instructed to use a mobile phone-based exercise program 5 times per week for 4 weeks. Pre- and post-exercise, the participants' depression score (CES-10-D, PHQ9), fitness level (YMCA, grip strength) and movement characteristics (postural sway, movement ROM, movement speeds, etc.) for three Azure Kinect physical activity games based on different fitness factors (balance game, cardiovascular game, reaction game) were measured.
Mixed model ANOVA revealed significant differences between pre- and post-intervention depression scores on the PHQ9 (P = .001) and CES-10-D (P < .001) in both the exercise group and the control group, but not between groups. In terms of movement characteristics, there was an increase in body sway (P = .045) and vertical head movement (P = .02) in the cardiovascular game jogging condition for the exercise group. In the reaction game, the exercise group showed a significant reduction in the number of mistakes (P = .03). There were no other significant differences for the other variables.
The results revealed no differences in the reduction in depression scores between the exercise group and the control group. However, this study showed that a mobile phone-based physical activity intervention affects in-game movement characteristics such as body sway and vertical head movement and therefore may show the potential of using activity-promoting mobile games for improving movement.
已证实，身体活动与心理健康和抑郁症状的减轻相关。然而，大多数研究仅关注有氧运动或非有氧运动对抑郁症状的影响，而使用手机为基础的活动方案等新型技术创新及其对运动特征的影响则相对较少。本研究有两个目的：（1）调查手机为基础的身体活动 4 周对抑郁评分（CES-10-D 和 PHQ）和健康水平的影响效果；（2）调查手机为基础的身体活动是否影响参与者的运动特征。
共有 31 名参与者被纳入研究，并分为运动组（n=21）和对照组（n=10）。运动组被指示使用手机为基础的锻炼程序，每周 5 次，持续 4 周。在运动前和运动后，基于不同的健康因素，使用 3 种 Azure Kinect 身体活动游戏（平衡游戏、心血管游戏、反应游戏）测量参与者的抑郁评分（CES-10-D、PHQ9）、健康水平（基督教青年会、握力）和运动特征（姿势晃动、运动幅度、运动速度等）。
混合模型方差分析显示，在运动组和对照组中，PHQ9（P=0.001）和 CES-10-D（P<0.001）的抑郁评分在干预前后均有显著差异，但组间无差异。就运动特征而言，运动组在心血管游戏慢跑状态下的身体晃动（P=0.045）和垂直头部运动（P=0.02）增加。在反应游戏中，运动组的错误数量显著减少（P=0.03）。其他变量没有其他显著差异。
结果显示，运动组和对照组的抑郁评分降低没有差异。然而，本研究表明，手机为基础的身体活动干预会影响游戏中的运动特征，如身体晃动和垂直头部运动，因此可能显示出使用促进活动的手机游戏来改善运动的潜力。
