Pons-Tomàs Gemma, Martínez-de-Albeniz Irene, Ríos-Barnés María, Gamell Anna, Simó-Nebot Sílvia, Balsells-Mejía Sol, Hernández-García María, Melé-Casas Maria, Sánchez Emilia, Monsonis Manuel, Gené Amadeu, López Marta, Salvia Dolors, Garcia-García Juan-José, Fortuny Claudia, Fumadó Victoria
Pediatric Department, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, University of Barcelona, 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
Infectious Diseases and Microbiome, Institut de Recerca Sant Joan de Déu (IRSJD), 08950 Barcelona, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2024 Sep 6;11(9):1095. doi: 10.3390/children11091095.
The objective of this study is to analyze the transplacental transmission of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies, their persistence in newborns, the factors that may influence this transmission, and the protection these antibodies confer over time.
This prospective cohort was conducted in a tertiary pediatric hospital in the Barcelona Metropolitan Region, Spain. It included neonates born to mothers who had SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy or delivery between August 2020 and January 2022. We followed the recruited children for at least six months, and blood tests were performed to determine the presence of SARS-CoV-2 antibodies.
A total of 101 children were recruited. Among the serologies performed on children under three months of age, 44/82 were positive (53.7%). Newborns whose mothers presented more severe disease exhibited higher seropositivity odds (coefficient 9.747; = 0.002). There were increased preterm deliveries when maternal infection occurred closer to the time of delivery. No severe SARS-CoV-2 infections were detected in children during the follow-up.
Slightly more than half of the SARS-CoV-2 serologies performed in the first three months were positive. This appears to confer protection during early childhood. The severity of maternal infection is the most significant factor influencing the transmission of antibodies in children born to unvaccinated mothers.
本研究的目的是分析严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）抗体的胎盘传播情况、其在新生儿体内的持续存在情况、可能影响这种传播的因素以及这些抗体随时间提供的保护作用。
这项前瞻性队列研究在西班牙巴塞罗那都会区的一家三级儿科医院进行。研究对象包括2020年8月至2022年1月期间孕期或分娩时感染SARS-CoV-2的母亲所生的新生儿。我们对招募的儿童进行了至少六个月的随访，并进行血液检测以确定SARS-CoV-2抗体的存在情况。
共招募了101名儿童。在对三个月以下儿童进行的血清学检测中，44/82呈阳性（53.7%）。母亲病情较重的新生儿血清阳性几率更高（系数9.747；P = 0.002）。当母亲感染发生的时间更接近分娩时，早产情况有所增加。随访期间未在儿童中检测到严重的SARS-CoV-2感染。
在前三个月进行的SARS-CoV-2血清学检测中，略多于一半呈阳性。这似乎在幼儿期提供了保护。母亲感染的严重程度是影响未接种疫苗母亲所生儿童抗体传播的最重要因素。
