Castro Ana M, Navarro Sandra, Carvajal Ignacio, García Agueda, Suárez Marta, Toyos Paula, Rodríguez Silvia, Jimenez Santiago, González David, Molinos Cristina, Pérez-Solís David, Fernández Porifirio, Margolles Abelardo, Díaz-Martín Juan J, Gutiérrez-Díaz Isabel, Delgado Susana
Grupo MicroHealth, Instituto de Productos Lácteos de Asturias (IPLA-CSIC), 33300 Villaviciosa, Asturias, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), 33011 Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
Children (Basel). 2024 Sep 12;11(9):1113. doi: 10.3390/children11091113.
One of the most common food allergies in the pediatric population is allergy to cow's milk protein (CMPA). Treatment consists of avoiding cow's milk proteins in lactating mothers and/or using therapeutic formulas based on hydrolysates or vegetable formulas. In infants with CMPA at diagnosis, a different gut microbial profile has been found compared to healthy children, with a reduction in beneficial bacteria. The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in the gut microbiota profile and its metabolites, dietary patterns and anthropometric variables in a pediatric cohort with CMPA after six months on a restrictive diet compared to healthy controls.
In total, 21 patients diagnosed with CMPA and a control group of 24 healthy infants participated in this study. The fecal microbiota of all participants were investigated by metataxonomic analysis of 16S rDNA amplicons, and fecal short-chain fatty acids were measured by gas chromatography. Epidemiological assessment and dietary questionnaires were carried out for both groups.
Regarding growth, no significant differences were found, but differences in dietary intake of some macro- and micronutrients were observed. Patients who were breastfed at six months had higher bifidobacteria and lipid intakes than patients fed with hydrolyzed formulas.
Although the growth of CMPA infants fed with therapeutic formula is similar to breastfed CMPA infants, there are differences in microbiota composition and macronutrient intake that underline the importance of continued breastfeeding in CMPA cases.
儿童群体中最常见的食物过敏之一是对牛奶蛋白（CMPA）过敏。治疗方法包括哺乳期母亲避免摄入牛奶蛋白和/或使用基于水解物的治疗配方奶粉或植物配方奶粉。在诊断为CMPA的婴儿中，与健康儿童相比，发现其肠道微生物群特征不同，有益细菌减少。本研究的目的是评估与健康对照组相比，限制饮食六个月后，患有CMPA的儿科队列中肠道微生物群特征及其代谢产物、饮食模式和人体测量变量的变化。
共有21名被诊断为CMPA的患者和24名健康婴儿组成的对照组参与了本研究。通过对16S rDNA扩增子进行宏分类分析来研究所有参与者的粪便微生物群，并通过气相色谱法测量粪便短链脂肪酸。对两组进行了流行病学评估和饮食问卷调查。
在生长方面，未发现显著差异，但观察到一些常量和微量营养素的饮食摄入量存在差异。六个月时进行母乳喂养的患者比食用水解配方奶粉的患者双歧杆菌和脂质摄入量更高。
尽管食用治疗性配方奶粉的CMPA婴儿的生长情况与母乳喂养的CMPA婴儿相似，但微生物群组成和常量营养素摄入量存在差异，这突出了在CMPA病例中持续母乳喂养的重要性。
