Yang Xiaoxian, Zhou Chuhui, Guo Chentao, Wang Jie, Chen Innie, Wen Shi Wu, Krewski Daniel, Yue Liqun, Xie Ri-Hua
School of Health and Nursing, Wuxi Taihu University, Wuxi, China.
Affiliated Foshan Maternity & Child Healthcare Hospital, Southern Medical University, Foshan, China.
Front Pediatr. 2023 Jan 17;10:1044954. doi: 10.3389/fped.2022.1044954. eCollection 2022.
Previous studies reported a higher risk of food allergy for cesarean-born children than vaginal-born children. This study aims to systematically compare the prevalence of food allergy among cesarean-born and vaginal-born children aged 0-3 years.
Three English and two Chinese databases were searched using terms related to food allergies and cesarean sections. Cohort studies that reported the prevalence of food allergy in cesarean-born and vaginal-born children aged 0-3 years were included. Two reviewers performed study selection, quality assessment, and data extraction. The pooled prevalence of food allergy in cesarean-born and vaginal-born children was compared by meta-analysis.
Nine eligible studies, with 9,650 cesarean-born children and 20,418 vaginal-born children aged 0-3 years, were included. Of them, 645 cesarean-born children and 991 vaginal-born children were identified as having food allergies. The pooled prevalence of food allergy was higher in cesarean-born children (7.8%) than in vaginal-born children (5.9%). Cesarean section was associated with an increased risk of food allergy [odds ratio (OR): 1.45; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.03-2.05] and cow's milk allergy (OR: 3.31; 95% CI: 1.98-5.53). Additionally, cesarean-born children with a parental history of allergy had an increased risk of food allergy (OR: 2.60; 95% CI: 1.28-5.27).
This study suggests that cesarean sections was associated with an increased risk of food and cow's milk allergies in children aged 0-3 years. Cesarean-born children with a parental history of allergy demonstrated a higher risk for food allergy than did vaginal-born children. These results indicate that caregivers should be aware of the risks of food allergies in cesarean-born children, reducing the risk of potentially fatal allergic events. Further research is needed to identify the specific factors affecting food allergies in young children.
http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero, identifier: International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (NO. CRD42019140748).
既往研究报告称，剖宫产出生的儿童患食物过敏的风险高于阴道分娩出生的儿童。本研究旨在系统比较0至3岁剖宫产出生和阴道分娩出生儿童的食物过敏患病率。
使用与食物过敏和剖宫产相关的术语检索了三个英文数据库和两个中文数据库。纳入报告了0至3岁剖宫产出生和阴道分娩出生儿童食物过敏患病率的队列研究。两名审阅者进行了研究选择、质量评估和数据提取。通过荟萃分析比较剖宫产出生和阴道分娩出生儿童食物过敏的合并患病率。
纳入了9项符合条件的研究，涉及9650名0至3岁的剖宫产出生儿童和20418名阴道分娩出生儿童。其中，645名剖宫产出生儿童和991名阴道分娩出生儿童被确定患有食物过敏。剖宫产出生儿童食物过敏的合并患病率（7.8%）高于阴道分娩出生儿童（5.9%）。剖宫产与食物过敏风险增加相关[比值比（OR）：1.45；95%置信区间（CI）：1.03 - 2.05]以及牛奶过敏风险增加相关（OR：3.31；95% CI：1.98 - 5.53）。此外，有父母过敏史的剖宫产出生儿童患食物过敏的风险增加（OR：2.60；95% CI：1.28 - 5.27）。
本研究表明，剖宫产与0至3岁儿童食物过敏和牛奶过敏风险增加相关。有父母过敏史的剖宫产出生儿童患食物过敏的风险高于阴道分娩出生儿童。这些结果表明，护理人员应意识到剖宫产出生儿童食物过敏的风险，降低潜在致命过敏事件的风险。需要进一步研究以确定影响幼儿食物过敏的具体因素。
http://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero，标识符：国际前瞻性系统评价注册库（编号CRD42019140748）。
