Bontempi Bruno, Lévêque Philippe, Dubreuil Diane, Jay Thérèse M, Edeline Jean-Marc
Institut de Neurosciences Cognitives et Intégratives d'Aquitaine, CNRS UMR 5287, Université de Bordeaux et Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes, 33000 Bordeaux, France.
XLIM, CNRS UMR 6172, Université de Limoges, 87060 Limoges, France.
Biomedicines. 2024 Aug 27;12(9):1954. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines12091954.
Over the last two decades, animal models have been used to evaluate the physiological and cognitive effects of mobile phone exposure. Here, we used a head-only exposure system in rats to determine whether exposure to 900 MHz GSM electromagnetic fields (EMFs) induces regional changes in neuronal activation as revealed by c-Fos imaging. In a first study, rats were exposed for 2 h to brain average specific absorption rates (BASARs) ranging from 0.5 to 6 W/kg. Changes in neuronal activation were found to be dose-dependent, with significant increases in c-Fos expression occurring at BASAR of 1 W/kg in prelimbic, infralimbic, frontal, and cingulate cortices. In a second study, rats were submitted to either a spatial working memory (WM) task in a radial maze or a spatial reference memory (RM) task in an open field arena. Exposures (45 min) were conducted before each daily training session (BASARs of 1 and 3.5 W/kg). Control groups included sham-exposed and control cage animals. In both tasks, behavioral performance evolved similarly in the four groups over testing days. However, c-Fos staining was significantly reduced in cortical areas (prelimbic, infralimbic, frontal, cingulate, and visual cortices) and in the hippocampus of animals engaged in the WM task (BASARs of 1 and 3.5 W/kg). In the RM task, EMF exposure-induced decreases were limited to temporal and visual cortices (BASAR of 1 W/kg). These results demonstrate that both acute and subchronic exposures to 900 MHz EMFs can produce region-specific changes in brain activity patterns, which are, however, insufficient to induce detectable cognitive deficits in the behavioral paradigms used here.
在过去二十年中，动物模型已被用于评估手机辐射对生理和认知的影响。在此，我们使用大鼠头部专用辐射系统，通过c-Fos成像来确定暴露于900 MHz GSM电磁场（EMF）是否会引起神经元激活的区域变化。在第一项研究中，大鼠暴露于脑平均比吸收率（BASAR）范围为0.5至6 W/kg的环境中2小时。发现神经元激活的变化具有剂量依赖性，在前边缘、下边缘、额叶和扣带回皮质中，当BASAR为1 W/kg时，c-Fos表达显著增加。在第二项研究中，大鼠在放射状迷宫中接受空间工作记忆（WM）任务，或在开放场地中接受空间参考记忆（RM）任务。在每天的训练课程之前进行暴露（45分钟）（BASAR为1和3.5 W/kg）。对照组包括假暴露和对照笼养动物。在这两项任务中，四组动物的行为表现随测试天数的变化相似。然而，在参与WM任务的动物（BASAR为1和3.5 W/kg）的皮质区域（前边缘、下边缘、额叶、扣带回和视觉皮质）和海马体中，c-Fos染色显著减少。在RM任务中，EMF暴露引起的减少仅限于颞叶和视觉皮质（BASAR为1 W/kg）。这些结果表明，急性和亚慢性暴露于900 MHz EMF均可导致大脑活动模式产生区域特异性变化，然而，在此处使用的行为范式中，这些变化不足以诱发可检测到的认知缺陷。
