Cela Ludovica, Gravina Alessandro, Semeraro Antonio, Pastore Francesca, Morelli Rebecca, Marchetti Lavinia, Brindisi Giulia, Olivero Francesca, Piccioni Maria Grazia, Zicari Anna Maria, Anania Caterina
Department of Maternal Infantile and Urological Science, Sapienza University of Rome, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Independent Researcher, 00161 Rome, Italy.
Diagnostics (Basel). 2024 Sep 19;14(18):2069. doi: 10.3390/diagnostics14182069.
Food allergy (FA) affects approximately 6-8% of young children, with a peak prevalence at approximately one year of age. Tree nut and peanut allergies are among the main causes of anaphylaxis in the world. The gold standard for the diagnosis of FAs is the oral food challenge (OFC). Other diagnostic tests used in the clinical practice are skin prick tests (SPTs) and laboratory tests to measure out the presence of serum specific IgE (sIgE). In this narrative review, we collect the current evidence of the predictive value (PV) of SPTs and sIgE for the outcome of the OFCs. In literature, data are conflicting as to whether increasing sIgE concentration and wheal size in SPTs correlate with OFC outcomes. Most studies included in our review have shown that in vivo and in vitro tests may predict OFC outcomes with variable PV, but data are not conclusive; therefore, the OFC currently remains the gold standard for FA diagnosis.
食物过敏（FA）影响约6-8%的幼儿，在约一岁时患病率达到峰值。坚果和花生过敏是全球过敏反应的主要原因之一。FA诊断的金标准是口服食物激发试验（OFC）。临床实践中使用的其他诊断测试是皮肤点刺试验（SPT）和检测血清特异性IgE（sIgE）存在的实验室测试。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们收集了关于SPT和sIgE对OFC结果预测价值（PV）的当前证据。在文献中，关于SPT中sIgE浓度增加和风团大小是否与OFC结果相关的数据相互矛盾。我们综述中纳入的大多数研究表明，体内和体外测试可能以不同的PV预测OFC结果，但数据并不确凿；因此，OFC目前仍然是FA诊断的金标准。
