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藻类的综合增值利用:用于可食用薄膜的多糖和生物活性物质以及作为生物刺激剂的残渣

Integrated Valorization of Alga: Polysaccharides and Bioactives for Edible Films and Residues as Biostimulants.

作者信息

Martins Valter F R, Coelho Marta, Machado Manuela, Costa Eduardo, Gomes Ana M, Poças Fátima, Sperotto Raul A, Rosa-Martinez Elena, Vasconcelos Marta, Pintado Manuela E, Morais Rui M S C, Morais Alcina M M B

机构信息

CBQF-Centro de Biotecnologia e Química Fina-Laboratório Associado, Escola Superior de Biotecnologia, Universidade Católica Portuguesa, Rua Diogo Botelho, 1327, 4169-005 Porto, Portugal.

Graduate Program in Plant Physiology, Botany Department, Biology Institute, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas 96160-000, Brazil.

出版信息

Foods. 2024 Sep 17;13(18):2938. doi: 10.3390/foods13182938.

Abstract

spp. seaweeds thrive in the cold temperate waters of the northern hemisphere, specifically in the littoral and sublittoral regions along rocky shorelines. Moreover, they are known to be a rich source of bioactive compounds. This study explored the valorization of through the extraction of bioactives and polysaccharides (PSs) for food applications and biostimulant use. The bioactives were extracted using microwave hydrodiffusion and gravity (MHG), where the condition of 300 W for 20 min resulted in the highest total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of the extract. Cellular assays confirmed that the extract, at 0.5 mg/mL, was non-cytotoxic to HaCat cells. Polysaccharides (PSs) were extracted from the remaining biomass. The residue from this second extraction contained 1.5% protein and 13.35% carbohydrates. Additionally, the free amino acids and minerals profiles of both solid residues were determined. An edible film was formulated using alginate (2%), PS-rich extract (0.5%), and bioactive-rich extract (0.25%). The film demonstrated significant antioxidant properties, with ABTS and DPPH values of 221.460 ± 10.389 and 186.889 ± 36.062 µM TE/mg film, respectively. It also exhibited notable physical characteristics, including high water vapor permeability (11.15 ± 1.55 g.mm.m.day.kPa) and 100% water solubility. The residues from both extractions of exhibited biostimulant (BS) effects on seed germination and seedling growth. BSs with PSs enhanced pea germination by 48%, while BSs without PSs increased the root dry weight of rice and tomato by 53% and up to 176%, respectively, as well as the shoot dry weight by up to 38% and up to 74%, respectively. These findings underscore the potential of within the framework of a circular economy, wherein both extracted bioactives and post-extraction by-products can be used for sustainable agriculture and food applications.

摘要

某些海藻在北半球的寒温带水域中生长繁茂,特别是在岩石海岸线附近的潮间带和亚潮间带区域。此外,它们是生物活性化合物的丰富来源。本研究通过提取生物活性物质和多糖(PSs)探索了其在食品应用和生物刺激剂用途方面的价值提升。生物活性物质采用微波水解扩散与重力法(MHG)提取,其中300 W处理20分钟的条件下提取物的总酚含量和抗氧化活性最高。细胞实验证实,提取物浓度为0.5 mg/mL时对HaCat细胞无细胞毒性。从剩余生物质中提取多糖(PSs)。第二次提取后的残渣含有1.5%的蛋白质和13.35%的碳水化合物。此外,还测定了两种固体残渣的游离氨基酸和矿物质含量。使用海藻酸钠(2%)、富含PS的提取物(0.5%)和富含生物活性物质的提取物(0.25%)制备了可食用薄膜。该薄膜具有显著的抗氧化性能,ABTS和DPPH值分别为221.460±10.389和186.889±36.062 μM TE/mg薄膜。它还具有显著的物理特性,包括高水蒸气透过率(11.15±1.55 g·mm·m·day·kPa)和100%的水溶性。两次提取某些海藻后的残渣对种子萌发和幼苗生长具有生物刺激(BS)作用。含有PS的BS使豌豆发芽率提高了48%,而不含PS的BS分别使水稻和番茄的根干重增加了53%和高达176%,地上部干重分别增加了高达38%和高达74%。这些发现强调了某些海藻在循环经济框架内的潜力,其中提取的生物活性物质和提取后的副产品均可用于可持续农业和食品应用。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/c0a5/11431149/0dae12abe3a0/foods-13-02938-g001.jpg

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