Yu Sen-Chi, Huang Yueh-Min, Wu Ting-Ting
Department of Counseling and Applied Psychology, National Taichung University of Education, Taichung 403, Taiwan.
Department of Engineering Science, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 701, Taiwan.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Aug 27;14(9):755. doi: 10.3390/bs14090755.
The purposes of this study are to investigate college students' attitudes toward ChatGPT and to understand whether gender makes any difference in their attitudes. We developed the ChatGPT attitude scale (CAS) and administrated it to a sample of 516 Taiwan college students. Through an exploratory factor analysis, the 5-T (Tool, Tutor, Talk, Trend, and Threat) model of CAS was extracted and validated via confirmatory factor analysis. The CAS exhibited good reliability and validity and can be used to explain ChatGPT attitudes. According to our findings, university students consider ChatGPT an important "Tool" in their daily life. Additionally, ChatGPT plays a significant "Tutor" role, assisting with language translation and knowledge learning. Besides its utilitarian functions, ChatGPT also serves as a "Talk" feature, offering interactive chat and emotional support. Currently, students also acknowledge ChatGPT as an important "Trend" of the times, but they are also deeply concerned about the potential "Threat" of content falsification and job displacement brought on by ChatGPT. In terms of gender differences, compared to females, males scored higher than females in the total scale and in the Tool, Tutor, and Trend subscales. However, there was no significant difference between males and females in the Talk and Threat subscales. This gender difference result differs from previous research on robots or social media.
本研究的目的是调查大学生对ChatGPT的态度,并了解性别在他们的态度上是否存在差异。我们编制了ChatGPT态度量表(CAS),并将其施测于516名台湾大学生样本。通过探索性因素分析,提取了CAS的5-T(工具、导师、交谈、趋势和威胁)模型,并通过验证性因素分析进行了验证。CAS表现出良好的信效度,可用于解释对ChatGPT的态度。根据我们的研究结果,大学生认为ChatGPT是他们日常生活中的重要“工具”。此外,ChatGPT还发挥着重要的“导师”作用,辅助语言翻译和知识学习。除了其功利性功能外,ChatGPT还具有“交谈”功能,提供互动聊天和情感支持。目前,学生们也认可ChatGPT是时代的重要“趋势”,但他们也深切关注ChatGPT带来的内容造假和工作岗位被取代的潜在“威胁”。在性别差异方面,与女性相比,男性在总量表以及工具、导师和趋势子量表上的得分高于女性。然而,男性和女性在交谈和威胁子量表上没有显著差异。这一性别差异结果与先前关于机器人或社交媒体的研究不同。