Asare Matthew, Owusu-Sekyere Eyram, Elizondo Anjelica, Benavidez Gabriel A
Department of Public Health, Robbins College of Health and Human Sciences, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2024 Sep 13;14(9):811. doi: 10.3390/bs14090811.
Several non-medical factors, such as income, education, and access to care, directly or indirectly affect adherence to cancer screening guidelines. We examined the impact of social determinants of health (SDOH) and psychosocial factors on screening behavior in a nationally representative sample of women in the US. A retrospective population-level cross-sectional sample was extracted from the 2022 Health Information National Trends Survey. The dependent variables were the interest in cervical cancer screening and the screening behavior. The independent variables included SDOH and psychosocial factors. Descriptive statistics were calculated for demographics and covariates, and population-based estimates with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were produced for Pap testing behaviors. Logistic regression models assessed differences in Pap testing based on SDOH and psychosocial factors, adjusting for covariates. The study included 2224 women with a mean age of 46.96. Results showed that 90% of women were interested in cervical cancer screening, with an 80% screening rate. Screening rates varied by age and rurality. SDOH and psychosocial factors influenced both interest and actual screening, with 3% and 1% impacts, respectively. These findings suggest that SDOH and psychosocial factors are associated with cervical cancer screening uptake, highlighting the need for policies to address these disparities. Policies must be directed at bridging the gap created by these SDOHs. Public health professionals and researchers can design interventions using the SDOH and psychosocial frameworks to increase cervical cancer screening uptake.
一些非医学因素，如收入、教育程度和医疗服务可及性，直接或间接地影响对癌症筛查指南的依从性。我们在美国具有全国代表性的女性样本中，研究了健康的社会决定因素（SDOH）和心理社会因素对筛查行为的影响。从2022年健康信息国家趋势调查中提取了一个回顾性的人群水平横断面样本。因变量为宫颈癌筛查的兴趣和筛查行为。自变量包括SDOH和心理社会因素。计算了人口统计学和协变量的描述性统计量，并给出了巴氏试验行为的基于人群的估计值及95%置信区间（CI）。逻辑回归模型评估了基于SDOH和心理社会因素的巴氏试验差异，并对协变量进行了调整。该研究纳入了2224名平均年龄为46.96岁的女性。结果显示，90%的女性对宫颈癌筛查感兴趣，筛查率为80%。筛查率因年龄和农村地区而异。SDOH和心理社会因素分别对兴趣和实际筛查产生了3%和1%的影响。这些发现表明，SDOH和心理社会因素与宫颈癌筛查的接受情况相关，凸显了制定政策解决这些差异的必要性。政策必须旨在弥合这些SDOH造成的差距。公共卫生专业人员和研究人员可以利用SDOH和心理社会框架设计干预措施，以提高宫颈癌筛查的接受率。
