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高温下低碳钢动态应变时效导致疲劳寿命延长的机制

Mechanism of Fatigue-Life Extension Due to Dynamic Strain Aging in Low-Carbon Steel at High Temperature.

作者信息

Fang Zheng, Wang Lu, Yu Fengyun, He Ying, Wang Zheng

机构信息

School of Energy and Power Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

School of Materials Science and Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2024 Sep 23;17(18):4660. doi: 10.3390/ma17184660.

DOI:10.3390/ma17184660
PMID:39336401
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11433541/
Abstract

An enhancement in fatigue life for ferrite-pearlite low-carbon steel (LCS) at high temperature (HT) has been discovered, where it increased from 190,873 cycles at room temperature (RT) to 10,000,000 cycles at 400 °C under the same stress conditions. To understand the mechanism behind this phenomenon, the evolution of microstructure and dislocation density during fatigue tests was comprehensively investigated. High-power X-ray diffraction (XRD) was employed to analyze the evolution of total dislocation density, while Electron Backscatter Diffraction (EBSD) and High-Resolution EBSD (HR-EBSD) were conducted to reveal the evolutions of kernel average misorientation (KAM), geometrically necessary dislocations (GND) and elastic strains. Results indicate that the enhancement was attributed to the dynamic strain aging (DSA) effect above the upper temperature limit, where serration and jerky flow disappeared but hindrance of dislocations persisted. Due to the DSA effect, periods of increase and decrease in the total dislocations were observed during HT fatigue tests, and the fraction of screw dislocations increased continuously, caused by viscous movement of the screw dislocations. Furthermore, the increased fraction of screw dislocations resulted in a lower energy configuration, reducing slip traces on sample surfaces and preventing fatigue-crack initiation.

摘要

已发现铁素体-珠光体低碳钢（LCS）在高温（HT）下疲劳寿命有所提高，在相同应力条件下，其疲劳寿命从室温（RT）时的190,873次循环增加到400℃时的10,000,000次循环。为了解这一现象背后的机制，对疲劳试验过程中微观结构和位错密度的演变进行了全面研究。采用高功率X射线衍射（XRD）分析总位错密度的演变，同时进行电子背散射衍射（EBSD）和高分辨率EBSD（HR-EBSD）以揭示晶核平均取向差（KAM）、几何必要位错（GND）和弹性应变的演变。结果表明，这种提高归因于高于上限温度时的动态应变时效（DSA）效应，此时锯齿状和急跳流动消失，但位错的阻碍仍然存在。由于DSA效应，在高温疲劳试验期间观察到总位错有增加和减少的阶段，并且由于螺型位错的粘性运动，螺型位错的比例持续增加。此外，螺型位错比例的增加导致能量构型降低，减少了样品表面的滑移痕迹并防止了疲劳裂纹萌生。

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