Department of Genetics, Wroclaw Medical University, 50-367 Wroclaw, Poland.
Center for Translational Research and Molecular Biology of Cancer, Maria Skłodowska-Curie National Research Institute of Oncology Gliwice Branch, 44-102 Gliwice, Poland.
Genes (Basel). 2024 Sep 20;15(9):1226. doi: 10.3390/genes15091226.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most prevalent cancers worldwide. The identification of molecular alterations adding to the individual risk of HNSCC development and progression is one of the most important challenges in studies on cancer genetics. MicroRNAs (miRNAs), which belong to the group of important post-transcriptional regulators of human gene expression, seem to be valuable options for consideration as key modifiers of individual cancer risk, and therefore may be helpful in predicting inter-individual differences in cancer risk, response to treatment and prognosis.
There have not been many studies focused on the relationship between miRNA variants and HNSCC published in PubMed within the last 15 years. We found and analyzed 30 reviews, meta-analyses and research papers and revealed 14 SNPs which have been reported as significant in the context of HNSCC susceptibility and/or prognosis.
These 14 SNPs were located in 13 separate miRNAs. Among them, four were the most frequently studied (miRNA-146, -196, -149 and -499) and have been shown to have the greatest impact on the course of HNSCC. However, the presented results have been conflicting.
It must be concluded that, despite the years of studies, there are no conclusive reports demonstrating a significant role of SNPs in miRNAs in the context of the susceptibility to HNSCC or its prognosis.
头颈部鳞状细胞癌（HNSCC）是全球最常见的癌症之一。确定增加 HNSCC 发展和进展个体风险的分子改变是癌症遗传学研究中的最重要挑战之一。微小 RNA（miRNA）属于人类基因表达重要的转录后调控因子组，似乎是作为个体癌症风险关键修饰物的有价值选择，因此可能有助于预测癌症风险、治疗反应和预后的个体间差异。
在过去 15 年内，在 PubMed 上发表的关于 miRNA 变体与 HNSCC 之间关系的研究并不多。我们找到了并分析了 30 篇综述、荟萃分析和研究论文，揭示了 14 个被报道与 HNSCC 易感性和/或预后相关的显著 SNP。
这 14 个 SNP 位于 13 个不同的 miRNA 中。其中，四个是研究最频繁的（miRNA-146、-196、-149 和 -499），并已被证明对 HNSCC 的病程有重大影响。然而，所呈现的结果存在冲突。
尽管进行了多年的研究，但仍没有确凿的报告表明 SNP 在 miRNA 中对头颈部鳞状细胞癌易感性或其预后有显著作用。
