Felisberto Jéssica Sales, Machado Daniel B, Assunção Jeferson A S, Massau Samik A S, Queiroz George A de, Guimarães Elsie F, Ramos Ygor J, Moreira Davyson de Lima
Postgraduate Program in Plant Biology, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro 20550-013, RJ, Brazil.
Natural Products and Biochemistry Laboratory, Rio de Janeiro Botanical Garden Research Institute, Jardim Botânico, Rio de Janeiro 22460-030, RJ, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2024 Sep 18;13(18):2599. doi: 10.3390/plants13182599.
This study evaluates the essential oil (EO) composition of Kunth, a shrub native to the Brazilian tropical rainforest, across different plant parts and developmental phases. The aim was to explore the chemical diversity of EO and its reflection in the plant's ecological interactions and adaptations. Plant organs (roots, stems, branches, and leaves) at different developmental phases were subjected to hydrodistillation followed by chemical analysis using Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Flame Ionization Detector (GC-FID). The results revealed a relevant variation in EO yield and composition among different plant parts and developmental phases. Leaves showed the highest yield and chemical diversity, with α-pinene and β-pinene as major constituents, while roots and stems were characterized by a predominance of arylpropanoids, particularly apiol. The chemical diversity in leaves increased with plant maturity, indicating a dynamic adaptation to environmental interactions. The study underscores the importance of considering the ontogeny of plant parts in understanding the ecological roles and potential applications of in medicine and agriculture. The findings contribute to the overall knowledge of Piperaceae chemodiversity and ecological adaptations, offering insights into the plant's interaction with its environment and its potential uses based on chemical composition.
本研究评估了原产于巴西热带雨林的灌木昆氏胡椒不同植物部位和发育阶段的精油（EO）成分。目的是探索精油的化学多样性及其在植物生态相互作用和适应性中的体现。对处于不同发育阶段的植物器官（根、茎、枝和叶）进行水蒸馏，然后使用气相色谱 - 质谱联用仪（GC - MS）和气相色谱 - 火焰离子化检测器（GC - FID）进行化学分析。结果显示，不同植物部位和发育阶段的精油产量和成分存在显著差异。叶片的产量和化学多样性最高，主要成分是α - 蒎烯和β - 蒎烯，而根和茎的特征是芳基丙类化合物占主导，尤其是芹菜脑。叶片中的化学多样性随着植物成熟度增加，表明其对环境相互作用的动态适应。该研究强调了在理解植物在医学和农业中的生态作用及潜在应用时，考虑植物部位个体发育的重要性。这些发现有助于丰富胡椒科化学多样性和生态适应性的整体知识，为了解植物与其环境的相互作用以及基于化学成分的潜在用途提供了见解。
