Department of Pharmacy, University of Pisa, Via Bonanno Pisano 6, 56126 Pisa, Italy.
Department of Life Science, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 2, 53100 Siena, Italy.
Nutrients. 2024 Sep 19;16(18):3172. doi: 10.3390/nu16183172.
Recently, there has been significant exploration into the utilization of food by-products as natural reservoirs of bioactive substances, particularly in the creation of functional foods naturally enriched with antioxidants. peels represent a viable option for formulating enhanced olive oils that contribute to a healthier diet, due to their bioactive compound content. This study aimed to (i) ascertain the compositional characteristics of olive oil (CrOO) and (ii) assess its nutraceutical properties in rats with metabolic disorder induced by 3 weeks of feeding with a high-fat diet (HFD). The results showed a peculiar phytochemical composition, thanks to the contribution of citrus peels, which are excellent bio-products. In addition, it demonstrated HFD-induced weight gain (18 ± 2% for HFD vs. 13 ± 0.9% for CrOO) and showed protective effects on fasting blood glucose levels (90.2 ± 3.8 mg/dL for HFD vs. 72.3 ± 2.6 for CrOO). Furthermore, a reduction in cardiovascular risk (total cholesterol/HDL cholesterol = 5.0 ± 0.3 for HFD vs. 3.8 ± 0.3 for CrOO) and an improvement in myocardial tissue function were observed, as well as a significant reduction in inflammatory mediators such as iNOS, COX-2, and mPGES-1 in aortic vessel tissues, thus preserving endothelial function at the vascular level.
最近，人们对利用食品副产物作为生物活性物质的天然来源进行了大量探索，特别是在开发天然富含抗氧化剂的功能性食品方面。果皮由于其生物活性化合物的含量，是一种很有前途的选择，可以用来制备增强型橄榄油，从而有助于更健康的饮食。本研究旨在：（i）确定橄榄果渣油（CrOO）的组成特征；（ii）评估其在代谢紊乱大鼠中的营养特性，这些大鼠通过 3 周高脂肪饮食（HFD）喂养而产生代谢紊乱。结果表明，由于柑橘皮的贡献，其具有独特的植物化学成分，是优秀的生物制品。此外，它还证明了 HFD 引起的体重增加（HFD 为 18±2%，CrOO 为 13±0.9%），并对空腹血糖水平具有保护作用（HFD 为 90.2±3.8mg/dL，CrOO 为 72.3±2.6mg/dL）。此外，还观察到心血管风险降低（总胆固醇/高密度脂蛋白胆固醇=5.0±0.3，HFD 与 CrOO），心肌组织功能得到改善，以及主动脉血管组织中炎症介质如 iNOS、COX-2 和 mPGES-1 的显著减少，从而在血管水平上维持了内皮功能。
