Kulkarni Nitish A, Nanjappa Som G
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Aug 28;12(9):981. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12090981.
Ever since the discovery of dendritic cells by Ralph Steinman and Zanvil Cohn in 1973, it is increasingly evident that dendritic cells are integral for adaptive immune responses, and there is an undeniable focus on them for vaccines development. Fungal infections, often thought to be innocuous, are becoming significant threats due to an increased immunocompromised or immune-suppressed population and climate change. Further, the recent COVID-19 pandemic unraveled the wrath of fungal infections and devastating outcomes. Invasive fungal infections cause significant case fatality rates ranging from 20% to 90%. Regrettably, no licensed fungal vaccines exist, and there is an urgent need for preventive and therapeutic purposes. In this review, we discuss the ontogeny, subsets, tissue distribution, and functions of lung dendritic cells. In the latter part, we summarize and discuss the studies on the DC-based vaccines against pulmonary fungal infections. Finally, we highlight some emerging potential avenues that can be incorporated for DC-based vaccines against fungal infections.
自1973年拉尔夫·斯坦曼（Ralph Steinman）和赞维尔·科恩（Zanvil Cohn）发现树突状细胞以来，越来越明显的是，树突状细胞对于适应性免疫反应不可或缺，并且在疫苗开发方面对它们的关注也不可否认。真菌感染通常被认为是无害的，但由于免疫功能低下或免疫抑制人群的增加以及气候变化，正成为重大威胁。此外，最近的新冠疫情揭示了真菌感染的危害和破坏性后果。侵袭性真菌感染导致的病死率高达20%至90%。遗憾的是，目前尚无获得许可的真菌疫苗，迫切需要用于预防和治疗目的的疫苗。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了肺树突状细胞的个体发生、亚群、组织分布和功能。在后面部分，我们总结并讨论了基于树突状细胞的抗肺部真菌感染疫苗的研究。最后，我们强调了一些可纳入基于树突状细胞的抗真菌感染疫苗的新兴潜在途径。
