Kim Si-Ho, Chae Chang-Ho
Division of Infectious Diseases, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University, Changwon 51353, Republic of Korea.
Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Changwon 51353, Republic of Korea.
Vaccines (Basel). 2024 Sep 11;12(9):1041. doi: 10.3390/vaccines12091041.
(1) Background: Shift work can affect physical health and the immune system by altering the body's circadian rhythms. This study investigated the factors associated with the hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination response in manufacturing workers, classified by whether they engaged in shift work or not. (2) Methods: This retrospective observational study was conducted among adults employed at two manufacturing companies. Those with negative initial hepatitis B surface antibody (HBsAb) levels before vaccination and who subsequently received a three-dose series of HBV vaccine were enrolled. Hepatitis B surface antibodies were examined for 3 years after the first dose. The endpoint of this study was the failure of a seroprotective anti-HB response after vaccination (HBsAb < 10 mIU/mL). Binary logistic regression models were used to analyze factors associated with response failures. (3) Results: Of the 1103 eligible subjects, 337 (30.6%) were shift workers. The failure rate was numerically higher in the shift workers (9.2%) than in the non-shift workers (7.9%), without statistical significance ( = 0.405). However, after adjustment with the binary logistic regression models, the shift workers had a statistically significantly higher rate of response failures than the non-shift workers (odds ratio 2.87; 95% confidence interval 1.64-5.05, < 0.001), as did males, older workers, those with a low initial anti-HB titer, those with a vitamin D deficiency, and current smokers. (4) Conclusions: Our findings suggest a possible association between shift work and the serologic responses to HBV vaccination. Novel strategies for vaccination should be considered for shift workers.
(1) 背景：轮班工作可通过改变人体昼夜节律影响身体健康和免疫系统。本研究调查了制造业工人中与乙肝病毒（HBV）疫苗接种反应相关的因素，并根据是否从事轮班工作进行分类。(2) 方法：本回顾性观察性研究在两家制造公司的成年员工中进行。纳入接种疫苗前乙肝表面抗体（HBsAb）初始水平为阴性且随后接受了三剂次HBV疫苗接种的人员。在接种第一剂疫苗后3年检测乙肝表面抗体。本研究的终点是接种疫苗后血清保护性抗-HB反应失败（HBsAb < 10 mIU/mL）。采用二元逻辑回归模型分析与反应失败相关的因素。(3) 结果：在1103名符合条件的受试者中，337名（30.6%）为轮班工人。轮班工人的失败率在数值上高于非轮班工人（9.2% 对7.9%），但无统计学意义（P = 0.405）。然而，在通过二元逻辑回归模型进行调整后，轮班工人的反应失败率在统计学上显著高于非轮班工人（优势比2.87；95%置信区间1.64 - 5.05，P < 0.001），男性、年龄较大的工人、初始抗-HB滴度较低的工人、维生素D缺乏的工人以及当前吸烟者的反应失败率也较高。(4) 结论：我们的研究结果表明轮班工作与HBV疫苗接种的血清学反应之间可能存在关联。应考虑为轮班工人制定新的疫苗接种策略。
