College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
College of Materials and Environmental Engineering, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China; China-Austria Belt and Road Joint Laboratory on Artificial Intelligence and Advanced Manufacturing, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China E-mail:
J Water Health. 2024 Sep;22(9):1663-1676. doi: 10.2166/wh.2024.117. Epub 2024 Aug 14.
Outdoor decorative fountains usually attract residents to visit. However, opportunistic pathogens (OPs) can proliferate and grow in the stagnant fountain water, posing potential health risks to visitors due to the inhalation of spaying aerosols. In this study, the abundance of selected OPs and associated microbial communities in three large outdoor decorative fountain waters were investigated using quantitative PCR and 16S rRNA sequencing. The results indicated that and were consistently detected in all decorative fountain waters throughout the year. Redundancy analysis showed that OPs abundance was negatively correlated with water temperature but positively correlated with nutrient concentrations. The gene copy numbers of varied between 2.4 and 3.9 log (gene copies/mL), which were significantly lower than by several orders of magnitude, reaching 6.5-7.1 log (gene copies/mL) during winter. The analysis of taxonomic composition and prediction of functional potential also revealed pathogenic microorganisms and infectious disease metabolic pathways associated with microbial communities in different decorative fountain waters. This study provided a deeper understanding of the pathogenic conditions of the outdoor decorative fountain water, and future works should focus on accurately assessing the health risks posed by OPs in aerosols.
户外装饰性喷泉通常吸引居民参观。然而，机会性病原体（OPs）可以在静止的喷泉水中增殖和生长，由于喷洒气溶胶的吸入，对游客构成潜在的健康风险。在这项研究中，使用定量 PCR 和 16S rRNA 测序研究了三种大型户外装饰性喷泉水中选定的 OPs 和相关微生物群落的丰度。结果表明，和在全年所有装饰性喷泉水中均持续检出。冗余分析表明，OPs 丰度与水温和营养浓度呈负相关。的基因拷贝数在 2.4 到 3.9 个对数（基因拷贝/mL）之间变化，比数量级低几个数量级，在冬季达到 6.5-7.1 个对数（基因拷贝/mL）。分类组成分析和功能潜力预测还揭示了与不同装饰性喷泉水中微生物群落相关的致病微生物和传染病代谢途径。本研究深入了解了户外装饰性喷泉水的致病情况，未来的工作应重点准确评估气溶胶中 OPs 带来的健康风险。
