Schiemann D A
Infect Control. 1985 Oct;6(10):413-7. doi: 10.1017/s0195941700063505.
A bacteriological study was completed on pools and whirlpools operated by hotels and private health clubs in the metropolitan area of Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Coliform bacteria, fecal coliform bacteria, and fecal streptococci were found only when other indices showed a drastic deterioration in water quality. Aerobic plate counts were higher, and staphylococci and Pseudomonas aeruginosa occurred more often in whirlpools than in swimming pools. There was a correlation between aerobic plate counts and the presence of staphylococci and P. aeruginosa. P. aeruginosa was rare in swimming pools in the absence of staphylococci; however, in whirlpools the organism was often found in the absence of staphylococci, and when aerobic plate counts were low. P. aeruginosa and plate counts in excess of 3,000 per ml occurred more frequently in whirlpools when the free chlorine residual was less than one part per million. The surface film showed concentrations of staphylococci far greater than the pool water. Whirlpools appear to present a different ecosystem that favors the establishment of P. aeruginosa. Staphylococci, but not Staphylococcus aureus, are useful in indicators of pool water quality but better laboratory methodology is required. Additional attention should be directed to the bacteriology of the water surface film, which presents a more direct hazard to bathers.
对加拿大安大略省多伦多市都会区酒店和私人健身俱乐部运营的泳池及漩涡池进行了一项细菌学研究。仅当其他指标显示水质急剧恶化时，才检测到大肠菌群、粪大肠菌群和粪链球菌。需氧平板计数较高，且漩涡池中葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的出现频率高于游泳池。需氧平板计数与葡萄球菌和铜绿假单胞菌的存在之间存在相关性。在没有葡萄球菌的情况下，铜绿假单胞菌在游泳池中很少见；然而，在漩涡池中，即使没有葡萄球菌且需氧平板计数较低时，也经常能发现该菌。当游离氯残留量低于百万分之一时，漩涡池中铜绿假单胞菌和每毫升超过3000的平板计数出现得更为频繁。水面薄膜上葡萄球菌的浓度远高于池水。漩涡池似乎呈现出一种有利于铜绿假单胞菌滋生的不同生态系统。葡萄球菌（但不包括金黄色葡萄球菌）可作为泳池水质指标，但需要更好的实验室方法。应更多关注水面薄膜的细菌学，因为它对游泳者构成更直接的危害。
