Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade e Biotecnologia - BioNorte, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará-UFOPA, Campus Tapajós, Vera Paz, sn, block 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarém, Pará, Brasil; Laboratorio de Ecologia e Taxonomia de Invertebrados Aquaticos-LETIA, Instituto de Ciências e Technologia das Águas, Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará-UFOPA, Campus Tapajós, Vera Paz, sn, block 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarém, Pará, Brasil.
Universidade Federal do Oeste do Pará-UFOPA, Campus Tapajós, Vera Paz, sn, block 11, sala 03, Salé, Santarém, Pará, Brasil.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176556. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176556. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
The biological diversity of a region may not be fully sampled due to the low abundance or rarity of species, or the absence of species determined by their niche specificity. Investigating these species is essential for understanding the unrealized ecological potential in different habitats, identifying gaps in local and regional communities, and gaining a better understanding of the impacts of environmental changes. Therefore, to expand knowledge about the diversity of Odonata in Eastern Amazonia considering the absent species, we tested the hypotheses that: 1) Environmental variables will influence dark diversity, with greater explanation by canopy cover where sites with lower canopy cover will have higher dark diversity values, and; 2) Functional traits associated with better species dispersal will be correlated with low dark diversity of Odonata, such as larger and wider wings for example. For this, adult Odonata specimens were sampled, while structural habitat characteristics and physical and chemical water variables were measured in 128 first- to third-order streams in the Eastern Amazon. Morphological and behavioral data were recorded for each specimen. Generalized linear models were applied to predict the effects of habitat structural characteristics and physical and chemical water variables on the dark diversity of Odonata. Additionally, we assessed which functional traits contribute most to the variation of dark diversity within these communities. Habitat structural features and physical and chemical water variables had no effect on dark diversity. Morphological traits, such as body conformation, with species having narrower wings, longer hind wings, narrower thoraxes, and shorter abdomens, comprised most of the dark diversity. The dispersal limitations of some Odonata species strongly suggest the role of space and time in nature planning and management.
由于物种的丰度或稀有性低,或者由于其生态位特异性而不存在物种,一个地区的生物多样性可能无法被充分采样。研究这些物种对于理解不同生境中未实现的生态潜力、确定当地和区域群落中的空白以及更好地了解环境变化的影响至关重要。因此,为了扩大对亚马逊东部蜻蜓多样性的认识,考虑到缺失的物种,我们检验了以下两个假设:1)环境变量将影响暗多样性,其中树冠覆盖的解释力更大,树冠覆盖较低的地点暗多样性值更高;2)与更好的物种扩散相关的功能特征将与蜻蜓的低暗多样性相关,例如更大和更宽的翅膀等。为此,我们在亚马逊东部的 128 条 1 到 3 级溪流中采集了成年蜻蜓标本,同时测量了结构生境特征和理化水变量。对每个标本都记录了形态和行为数据。应用广义线性模型来预测生境结构特征和理化水变量对蜻蜓暗多样性的影响。此外,我们评估了哪些功能特征对这些群落内部暗多样性的变化贡献最大。生境结构特征和理化水变量对暗多样性没有影响。形态特征,如身体形态,具有较窄翅膀、较长后翅、较窄胸部和较短腹部的物种,构成了大部分暗多样性。一些蜻蜓物种的扩散限制强烈表明了空间和时间在自然规划和管理中的作用。