Student Research Committee, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Psychol. 2024 Sep 29;12(1):516. doi: 10.1186/s40359-024-02036-6.
Violence against women is a critical public health issue that adversely affects physical and mental health, contributing to injuries, chronic conditions, and mental health disorders. This study addresses the gap in understanding the relationship between spousal violence with maternal functioning and mental health in postpartum mothers.
This Prospective study was conducted on 316 postpartum women who gave birth in Al-Zahra and Taleghani Educational Treatment Centers in Tabriz, Iran, from June 2023 to October 2023. Participants were selected using convenience sampling and followed up for 6-8 weeks. The data were collected using the Revised Conflict Tactics Scale (CTS2), the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS), the Postpartum Specific Anxiety Scale (PSAS), and the Barkin Index of Maternal Functioning (BIMF). A general linear model, adjusted for individual, social, and obstetric variables, was used to determine the relationship between domestic violence, maternal functioning, depression and anxiety.
Most women (84%) experienced one or more types of intimate partner violence (IPV), including psychological, physical, or sexual abuse. About one-third (32.9%) reported psychological abuse, 21.2% physical violence, 49.4% sexual coercion, and 6.3% reported injuries. The adjusted general linear model showed that the mean depression score was lower in individuals without any experience of violence compared to those who had experienced any violence (β: -1.75; 95% CI: -3.40 to -0.10; p = 0.038). The mean depression score was significantly higher in homemakers compared to employed individuals (β = 3.53; 95% CI = 1.22 to 5.84, p = 0.003). The mean maternal functioning score was significantly higher in those who had not experienced mild physical violence compared to those who had (β = 2.94; 95% CI = 0.34 to 5.55, p = 0.027). The mean anxiety score was lower in individuals with high income (β: -3.38; 95% CI: -5.73 to -1.04; p = 0.005) and moderate income (β: -2.21; 95% CI: -4.35 to -0.07; p = 0.043) compared to those with low income.
The findings reveal a high prevalence of violence, particularly sexual coercion, significantly affecting maternal functioning and mental health. Socioeconomic factors also play a crucial role in postpartum mental health. These results highlight the urgent need for enhanced prevention efforts and targeted interventions that consider the socio-economic context and specific forms of violence.
针对妇女的暴力行为是一个严重的公共卫生问题，它对身心健康产生负面影响，导致受伤、慢性疾病和精神健康障碍。本研究旨在探讨配偶暴力与产后母亲的功能和心理健康之间的关系。
本前瞻性研究于 2023 年 6 月至 10 月在伊朗大不里士的 Al-Zahra 和 Taleghani 教育治疗中心对 316 名产后妇女进行，采用便利抽样法选取参与者，并进行 6-8 周的随访。使用修订后的冲突策略量表（CTS2）、爱丁堡产后抑郁量表（EPDS）、产后特定焦虑量表（PSAS）和 Barkin 母亲功能指数（BIMF）收集数据。采用调整个体、社会和产科变量的一般线性模型来确定家庭暴力、母亲功能、抑郁和焦虑之间的关系。
大多数女性（84%）经历过一种或多种形式的亲密伴侣暴力（IPV），包括心理、身体或性虐待。约三分之一（32.9%）报告有心理虐待，21.2%有身体暴力，49.4%有性胁迫，6.3%有受伤报告。调整后的一般线性模型显示，与经历过任何形式暴力的人相比，没有经历过任何形式暴力的人抑郁评分较低（β：-1.75；95%CI：-3.40 至-0.10；p=0.038）。与就业者相比，家庭主妇的抑郁评分显著更高（β：3.53；95%CI：1.22 至 5.84，p=0.003）。与经历过轻度身体暴力的人相比，没有经历过轻度身体暴力的人的母亲功能评分显著更高（β：2.94；95%CI：0.34 至 5.55，p=0.027）。与收入较低的人相比，高收入（β：-3.38；95%CI：-5.73 至-1.04；p=0.005）和中等收入（β：-2.21；95%CI：-4.35 至-0.07；p=0.043）的人焦虑评分较低。
研究结果表明，暴力行为，特别是性胁迫的发生率很高，这显著影响了母亲的功能和心理健康。社会经济因素也在产后心理健康中起着至关重要的作用。这些结果突出表明，迫切需要加强预防工作，并采取有针对性的干预措施，考虑到社会经济背景和具体形式的暴力。
