School of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Department of Immunity, Quzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Quzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2024 Dec 31;20(1):2408847. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2024.2408847. Epub 2024 Sep 29.
Varicella is a vaccine-preventable disease caused by the varicella zoster virus (VZV), but the varicella incidence among children has increased in recent years. This was a retrospective birth cohort study based on the Zhejiang Provincial Immune Information System (ZJIIS) and the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention (CISDCP) in Quzhou. A total of 1,291 clinically diagnosed varicella cases born from 2009 to 2014 were collected during 2009-2023, which were analyzed the impact of changes in vaccination strategy on the incidence of varicella based on the Cox-proportional hazards model. It was observed that the onset age of varicella shifted to the older age group and later to 9-11 years. After the change to the two-dose varicella vaccination strategy, the population affected by varicella was concentrated among students and received more than one dose of live attenuated varicella vaccine (VarV). Based on the Coxproportional hazards model and adjusting for all covariates, the risk of varicella infection in children decreased after the introduction of the two-dose varicella vaccination strategy ( = 0.04, 95% : 0.03-0.05). Meanwhile, the Kaplan-Meier curves also showed that the hazards were lower after the change in vaccination strategy. It is recommended that two doses of VarV should be included in the national immunization schedule and that full vaccination should be completed approximately four years after the first dose.
水痘是由水痘带状疱疹病毒（VZV）引起的可预防疫苗接种疾病，但近年来儿童水痘发病率有所增加。这是一项基于浙江省免疫信息系统（ZJIIS）和中国疾病预防控制信息系统（CISDCP）的回顾性出生队列研究，在衢州进行。共收集了 2009-2023 年期间 2009-2014 年出生的 1291 例临床诊断水痘病例，采用 Cox 比例风险模型分析接种策略变化对水痘发病率的影响。结果显示，水痘发病年龄向大龄组和 9-11 岁后转移。两剂水痘疫苗接种策略改变后，水痘受影响人群集中在学生中，接受了一剂以上的减毒活水痘疫苗（VarV）。基于 Cox 比例风险模型并调整所有协变量后，引入两剂水痘疫苗接种策略后儿童水痘感染风险降低（ = 0.04，95%：0.03-0.05）。同时，Kaplan-Meier 曲线也表明接种策略改变后风险降低。建议将两剂 VarV 纳入国家免疫规划，并在第一剂接种后大约四年完成全程接种。
