Botvin G J, Wills T A
NIDA Res Monogr. 1985;63:8-49.
A total of nine evaluation studies have been conducted with four prevention models which focus on teaching generic personal and social skills. All of these approaches have produced demonstrable effects for one or more substance use behaviors, and the magnitude of these effects generally appears to be large. Although methodological problems may exist in some of these studies, the magnitude of the effects obtained and their consistency across studies provide strong support for the efficacy of these approaches. Finally, a major strength of the research conducted in this area is that all of these studies have assessed the impact of the prevention programs on presumed mediating variables, and have been able to demonstrate effects on a number of these variables consistent with the behavioral results. Thus, while these studies collectively provide evidence for the effectiveness of generic personal and social skills training substance abuse prevention models, only preliminary data are available concerning how and why these programs work.
针对四种侧重于传授通用个人和社交技能的预防模式，总共开展了九项评估研究。所有这些方法都对一种或多种物质使用行为产生了明显效果，而且这些效果的程度通常似乎很大。尽管其中一些研究可能存在方法上的问题，但所获得的效果程度及其在各项研究中的一致性为这些方法的有效性提供了有力支持。最后，该领域研究的一个主要优势在于，所有这些研究都评估了预防项目对假定的中介变量的影响，并且能够证明对其中一些变量产生的效果与行为结果一致。因此，虽然这些研究共同为通用个人和社交技能培训预防药物滥用模式的有效性提供了证据，但关于这些项目如何发挥作用以及为何起作用，仅有初步数据。
