肝细胞癌（HCC）不断演变的全球病因：2024年的见解与趋势
Evolving Global Etiology of Hepatocellular Carcinoma (HCC): Insights and Trends for 2024.
作者信息
Koshy Abraham
机构信息
Departments of Gastroenterology, VPS Lakeshore Hospital, Kochi, 682040, India.
出版信息
J Clin Exp Hepatol. 2025 Jan-Feb;15(1):102406. doi: 10.1016/j.jceh.2024.102406. Epub 2024 Aug 28.
Abstract
The epidemiology of HCC is changing all over the world and the incidence of HCC is expected to continue increasing over the next 30 years. The changes are in the predisposing factors. Hepatitis B and hepatitis C as predisposing etiologies are decreasing while NAFLD/MAFLD is increasing. The increase in MAFLD is so great that despite the decrease in hepatitis B and C, the overall incidence of HCC is increasing. HCC in persons below the age of 20 years has distinct characteristics different from that of HCC in adults. The changing etiology of hepatocellular carcinoma has implications for the early detection, prevention, the stage of HCC at time of detection and in the treatment of HCC. The extent of these changes and their significance are discussed.
摘要
全球范围内，肝癌的流行病学正在发生变化，预计在未来30年里，肝癌的发病率将持续上升。变化体现在易感因素上。作为易感病因的乙型肝炎和丙型肝炎正在减少，而NAFLD/MAFLD（非酒精性脂肪性肝病/代谢相关脂肪性肝病）正在增加。MAFLD的增长幅度如此之大，以至于尽管乙型和丙型肝炎有所减少，但肝癌的总体发病率仍在上升。20岁以下人群的肝癌具有与成人肝癌不同的显著特征。肝细胞癌病因的变化对早期检测、预防、检测时肝癌的分期以及肝癌的治疗都有影响。本文将讨论这些变化的程度及其意义。
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