Uthra Karupanagounder Thangaraj, Manikandan Krishnan, Margesan Thirumal, Pazhani Gururaja Perumal
Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND.
Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Sri Ramaswamy Memorial (SRM) College of Pharmacy, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Chengalpattu, IND.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 29;16(8):e68166. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68166. eCollection 2024 Aug.
The secondary metabolites of various parts of have shown a range of biological activities under both in vivo and in vitro conditions, particularly anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. While E-guggulsterone from this plant has been proven to have anti-inflammatory effects, the antioxidant potential of phytochemicals present in the leaves of is less explored. This investigation aimed to isolate an antioxidant phytoconstituent from the ethanolic extract of the dried leaves of using a bioassay-guided approach. The dried leaves were successively extracted with organic solvents, including ethanol. The presence of phytochemicals was tested using high-performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC), and phytoconstituent from ethanol extract was purified by column chromatography. The antioxidant activity of both the crude extract and the purified compound was evaluated and then compared. The radical scavenging activity was measured using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay. The ethanolic extract of showed 87.6% DPPH radical scavenging activity at a concentration of 250 µg/mL, while standard ascorbic acid showed 94.9% inhibition at the same concentration. The concentrated ethanolic extract of was subjected to silica-based column chromatography with an ascending polarity of mobile phase solvents, ethyl acetate, and ethanol (25:75), yielding a single compound. The isolated compound was confirmed as guggulsterol I by ultraviolet (UV), infrared (IR), mass, and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. The radical scavenging activity of the crude ethanolic extract of leaves and the isolated compound guggulsterol I was concentration-dependent. The crude ethanolic extract of showed significant antioxidant activity in comparison with the standard. However, the isolated guggulsterol I showed less antioxidant activity than the crude ethanolic extract. This study strongly suggests that the crude ethanolic extract of leaves had better antioxidant activity due to the synergistic or additive effect of guggulsterol I and other phytoconstituents.
该植物各部位的次生代谢产物在体内和体外条件下均表现出一系列生物活性，尤其是抗炎和抗氧化特性。虽然已证明该植物中的E-古芸甾酮具有抗炎作用，但对其叶片中植物化学物质的抗氧化潜力研究较少。本研究旨在采用生物测定导向法从该植物干燥叶片的乙醇提取物中分离出一种抗氧化植物成分。干燥叶片先后用包括乙醇在内的有机溶剂进行提取。使用高效薄层色谱法（HPTLC）检测植物化学物质的存在，并通过柱色谱法对乙醇提取物中的植物成分进行纯化。对粗提取物和纯化化合物的抗氧化活性进行评估并比较。使用2,2-二苯基-1-苦基肼（DPPH）测定法测量自由基清除活性。该植物的乙醇提取物在浓度为250μg/mL时表现出87.6%的DPPH自由基清除活性，而标准抗坏血酸在相同浓度下表现出94.9%的抑制率。将该植物的浓缩乙醇提取物用硅胶柱色谱法进行分离，流动相溶剂为乙酸乙酯和乙醇（25:75），极性逐渐增大，得到一种单一化合物。通过紫外（UV）、红外（IR）、质谱和核磁共振（NMR）光谱法确认分离出的化合物为古芸甾醇I。该植物叶片粗乙醇提取物和分离出的化合物古芸甾醇I的自由基清除活性均呈浓度依赖性。与标准品相比，该植物的粗乙醇提取物表现出显著的抗氧化活性。然而，分离出的古芸甾醇I的抗氧化活性低于粗乙醇提取物。本研究强烈表明，由于古芸甾醇I和其他植物成分的协同或加和作用，该植物叶片的粗乙醇提取物具有更好的抗氧化活性。
