Abusaleem Mohammed Y, Ebrahim Muawia Elsayed Elkhider, Hamed Nazim F, Eladwy Mohamed Farahat Mohamed
Pediatrics and Neonatology, Security Forces Hospital Dammam, Dammam, SAU.
Neonatology, Security Forces Hospital Dammam, Dammam, SAU.
Cureus. 2024 Aug 30;16(8):e68227. doi: 10.7759/cureus.68227. eCollection 2024 Aug.
This study aims to systematically review the existing literature on long-term cognitive outcomes in neonates with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE). A thorough search of PubMed, MEDLINE, and Embase was conducted to find studies that satisfied the inclusion requirements. Rayyan (Qatar Computing Research Institute, Doha, Qatar) was utilized during the whole operation. Our results included seven studies with a total of 521 patients and 247 (47.4%) were females. All of the included participants were assessed for the incidence of cognitive functions following hypothermia therapy. Newborns with significant HIE are at high risk for neurodevelopmental complications even in the absence of magnetic resonance imagining (MRI) abnormalities, such as poor performance score and hearing-language score, functional status, delayed language skills, emotional processing, sensory movement, learning, and memory. Independent of motor deficits, participants with a history of HIE are susceptible to issues with cognition and executive function during late childhood and adolescence. It is crucial to keep an eye on their intellectual development after infancy since cognitive dysfunction and memory problems might manifest subtly or not at all in the early years of life, but they can cause problems in later childhood and adolescence. Long-term follow-up research is also required to ascertain whether the enhanced cognitive outcomes will continue throughout adolescence. Even in cases where overt neuromotor abnormalities are not evident, children with watershed injuries on brain MRIs should be closely monitored to evaluate cognitive function, particularly language development.
本研究旨在系统回顾关于缺氧缺血性脑病（HIE）新生儿长期认知结局的现有文献。对PubMed、MEDLINE和Embase进行了全面检索，以查找符合纳入要求的研究。在整个操作过程中使用了Rayyan（卡塔尔多哈哈马德·本·哈利法大学计算研究所）。我们的结果包括7项研究，共有521名患者，其中247名（47.4%）为女性。所有纳入的参与者均接受了低温治疗后认知功能发生率的评估。即使没有磁共振成像（MRI）异常，患有严重HIE的新生儿也有发生神经发育并发症的高风险，如表现评分和听力语言评分差、功能状态、语言技能延迟、情绪处理、感觉运动、学习和记忆等方面。与运动缺陷无关，有HIE病史的参与者在童年晚期和青少年期易出现认知和执行功能问题。婴儿期后密切关注他们的智力发育至关重要，因为认知功能障碍和记忆问题在生命早期可能表现不明显或根本不表现，但在童年晚期和青少年期可能会引发问题。还需要进行长期随访研究，以确定增强的认知结局是否会在整个青春期持续存在。即使在脑MRI上没有明显的明显神经运动异常的情况下，脑分水岭损伤的儿童也应密切监测以评估认知功能，特别是语言发育。
