Economic analysis of hydrogen energy systems: A global perspective.

In the realm of renewable energy, the integration of wind power and hydrogen energy systems represents a promising avenue towards environmental sustainability. However, the development of cost-effective hydrogen energy storage solutions is crucial to fully realize the potential of hydrogen as a renewable energy source. By combining wind power generation with hydrogen storage, a comprehensive hydrogen energy system can be established. This study aims to devise a physiologically inspired optimization approach for designing a standalone wind power producer that incorporates a hydrogen energy system on a global scale. The optimization process considers both total cost and capacity loss to determine the optimal configuration for the system. The optimal setup for an off-grid solution involves the utilization of eight distinct types of compact horizontal-axis wind turbines. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis is conducted by varying component capital costs to assess their impact on overall cost and load loss. Simulation results indicate that at a 15 % loss, the cost of energy (COE) is $1.3772, while at 0 % loss, it stands at $1.6908. Capital expenses associated with wind turbines and hydrogen storage systems significantly contribute to the overall cost. Consequently, the wind turbine-hydrogen storage system emerges as the most cost-effective and reliable option due to its low cost of energy.