Evaluation of the Dynamiker Quantitative Anti-Aspergillus Fumigatus Specific Detection for the Diagnosis of Different Kinds of Chronic Pulmonary Aspergillosis.

BACKGROUND

-specific IgG antibody test is considered to be the most reliable method for diagnosing chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA), while its diagnostic roles in different kinds of CPA are still uncertain and it is a challenge of having a threshold to interpret the IgG levels.

PURPOSE

This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic value of the Dynamiker quantitative -specific IgG antibody in different types of CPA with the aim of providing a reference for clinical work.

METHODS

This prospective study collected the clinical data of patients with suspected CPA admitted to the hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 and divided them into two groups: CPA and non-CPA. The study analyzed clinical characteristics and -specific IgG antibody test's diagnostic value, and a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to evaluate diagnostic efficacy.

RESULTS

We enrolled 54 CPA patients and 132 non-CPA patients. The average admission age of the CPA group was 61.0 (43.8, 70.0) years, and the sex ratio was 32/22 (male/female). The level of -specific IgG antibody in the CPA group was significantly higher than the non-CPA group (95.2 (31.3, 213.3) vs 47.5 (34.0, 80.3) AU/mL, = 0.001). The area under the ROC curve was 0.653 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.580-0.721, = 0.003). The cutoff with the best diagnostic efficacy was 87 AU/mL, and the sensitivity and specificity were 57.4% and 77.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference in the level of specific IgG antibody among the five CPA types ( = 0.543); however, it was relatively higher in chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis (CCPA).

CONCLUSION

-specific IgG antibody is valuable diagnostic marker for CPA, while its value in differential diagnosis among different types of CPA is limited.