Department of International Trade and Logistics, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Akdeniz University, 07070, Antalya, Türkiye.
Department of Economics, Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences, Bandırma Onyedi Eylül University, 10200, Balıkesir, Türkiye.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 Oct;31(49):59275-59288. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-35155-z. Epub 2024 Sep 30.
This study aims forward to explain the effect of freight transportation on environmental pollution and to investigate the role played by the usage rates of road and railway transportation modes in this relationship. As an auxiliary problem of the research, it was tried to determine whether there is a threshold value for these types of transportation and what consequences will arise in terms of environmental pollution below and above this threshold. For this purpose, the data of OECD countries for the period 2000-2018 were analyzed with the PSTR method. Analysis results showed a non-linear relationship between freight transportation and environmental pollution and that the road/rail transportation ratio plays an important role in this relationship. The determined threshold value is 68.18% for road freight transport and 29.55% for rail freight transport. Below the determined threshold values, as the amount of cargo transported increases, the rate of carbon emission increase gradually increases in both types of transport. Above the threshold values, road transport increases the rate of increase even more, while rail transport decreases this rate of increase. Within the scope of these results, countries should develop policies to increase the use of railways in freight transport while reducing the use of roads.
本研究旨在解释货运对环境污染的影响，并探讨道路和铁路运输方式的使用率在这种关系中所起的作用。作为研究的辅助问题，试图确定这些运输方式是否存在阈值，以及在低于和高于该阈值的情况下，在环境污染方面会产生什么后果。为此，利用 PSTR 方法分析了 OECD 国家 2000-2018 年的数据。分析结果表明，货运与环境污染之间存在非线性关系，道路/铁路运输比例在这种关系中起着重要作用。确定的阈值为道路货运 68.18%，铁路货运 29.55%。在确定的阈值以下，随着货物运输量的增加，两种运输方式的碳排放增长率逐渐增加。在阈值以上，道路运输使增长率增加得更多，而铁路运输则降低了这种增长率。在这些结果的范围内，各国应制定政策，在减少道路使用的同时增加铁路在货运中的使用。
