Institute of Biofilm Technology, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Aquatic Environment (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Institute of Biofilm Technology, Key Laboratory of Yangtze Aquatic Environment (MOE), State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Dec 1;954:176539. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.176539. Epub 2024 Sep 28.
Microalgae (Mychonastes sp.) consortium was investigated for nutrient and antibiotics removal and its responses to varying sulfamethoxazole (SMX) concentrations (0-1000 μg/L) in ammonia-rich wastewater. The results showed that the introduction of SMX (100-1000 μg/L) slightly improved ammonium nitrogen removal efficiency instead of inhibition. Swift SMX degradation was observed across all SMX-treated systems, with the highest SMX removal efficiency (96 %) at an SMX concentration of 100 μg/L. Biodegradation remained the dominant SMX removal mechanism, contributing 78 % of SMX removal at an SMX concentration of 800 μg/L, while adsorption and photolysis played minor roles. Addition of SMX augmented biomass and lipid productivity, but decreased chlorophyll contents in the microalgae consortium. Furthermore, extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) production correlated positively with SMX input concentration, with the microalgae consortium exposed to 800 μg/L SMX displaying the most pronounced stimulation of protein production (51.5 ± 2.0 mg/g DCW) and polysaccharides production (74.8 ± 3.9 mg/g DCW). In response to an increase in SMX concentrations, enzyme activities associated with antioxidant defense, such as superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, the catalase (CAT) decreased, indicating an initial defense mechanism. Concurrently, the relative abundance of Mychonastes sp. within the consortium rose from 87 % at 300 μg/L SMX to 99.9 % at 800 μg/L SMX. while Shannon indices of the bacterial community increased from 1.415 to 2.867. This shift inhibited the initially dominant Saprospiraceae bacteria, facilitating the profound increase of adapted Aquimonas. These findings demonstrate the feasibility of the simultaneous removal of antibiotics and nutrients from wastewater with a microalgae consortium system.
研究了微藻（Mychonastes sp.）联合体在富含氨废水处理中对不同磺胺甲恶唑（SMX）浓度（0-1000μg/L）的养分和抗生素去除及其响应。结果表明，引入 SMX（100-1000μg/L）对氨氮去除效率略有提高，而不是抑制作用。在所有 SMX 处理系统中均观察到磺胺甲恶唑的快速降解，在 SMX 浓度为 100μg/L 时，SMX 去除效率最高（96%）。生物降解仍然是磺胺甲恶唑去除的主要机制，在 SMX 浓度为 800μg/L 时，贡献了 78%的磺胺甲恶唑去除，而吸附和光解作用则作用较小。添加磺胺甲恶唑增加了生物质和脂质的生产力，但降低了微藻联合体中的叶绿素含量。此外，细胞外聚合物（EPS）的产生与磺胺甲恶唑输入浓度呈正相关，暴露于 800μg/L SMX 的微藻联合体显示出最显著的蛋白质产量（51.5±2.0mg/g 干重）和多糖产量（74.8±3.9mg/g 干重）刺激。随着磺胺甲恶唑浓度的增加，与抗氧化防御相关的酶活性，如超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）、过氧化物酶（POD）和丙二醛（MDA）增加，过氧化氢酶（CAT）减少，表明存在初始防御机制。同时，联合体中 Mychonastes sp.的相对丰度从 300μg/L SMX 时的 87%上升到 800μg/L SMX 时的 99.9%，而细菌群落的香农指数从 1.415增加到 2.867。这种转变抑制了最初占主导地位的 Saprospiraceae 细菌，促进了适应的 Aquimonas 的显著增加。这些发现表明，利用微藻联合体系统从废水中同时去除抗生素和养分是可行的。
