Division of Environmental Health Science and Practice.
Office of Priority Projects, Innovation, and Environmental Justice, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia.
Pediatrics. 2024 Oct 1;154(Suppl 2). doi: 10.1542/peds.2024-067808N.
The purpose of this analysis is to better understand laws and practices guiding prevention activities in childhood lead poisoning prevention programs funded by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC).
In 2022, CDC surveyed 62 funded programs using the Awardee Lead Profile Assessment. Information was collected about childhood lead poisoning-related laws and guidance, surveillance and prevention strategies, and program services including at what blood lead levels (BLLs) various activities are performed. Separately, CDC reviewed state health department websites to obtain information on which states implemented CDC's updated blood lead reference value.
Awardee Lead Profile Assessment results are only reported for 47 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Almost all programs (96%) have laws requiring reporting of BLLs, and 51% require BLLs be reported electronically to jurisdictional health departments. Most programs (80%) prioritize areas and populations that are high risk for lead poisoning prevention activities. Approximately half of the programs (51%) have a lead elimination plan or goal. Thirty-nine percent of the programs have already implemented policies, laws, or regulations to achieve lead elimination, and 74% are in the Northeast and Midwest regions of the country. As of March 2023, 71% of the programs have implemented CDC's updated blood lead reference value, and most (65%) did so via guidance for health care providers and laboratories for what BLL should initiate case management and other services for lead-exposed children.
Almost all programs have mandatory BLL reporting laws, and about two-thirds of the programs updated their BLLs that trigger public health action.
本分析旨在更好地了解疾病控制与预防中心（CDC）资助的儿童铅中毒预防计划中预防活动的指导法律和实践。
2022 年，CDC 使用获奖者铅档案评估对 62 个资助计划进行了调查。收集了与儿童铅中毒相关的法律和指导、监测和预防策略以及包括在什么血铅水平（BLL）下开展各种活动的方案服务的信息。此外，CDC 审查了州卫生部门的网站，以获取有关哪些州实施了 CDC 更新的血铅参考值的信息。
获奖者铅档案评估结果仅报告了 47 个州、哥伦比亚特区和波多黎各。几乎所有的项目（96%）都有报告 BLL 的法律要求，51%的项目要求以电子方式向管辖卫生部门报告 BLL。大多数项目（80%）优先考虑高铅中毒预防活动风险的地区和人群。大约一半的项目（51%）有消除铅的计划或目标。39%的项目已经实施了政策、法律或法规来实现消除铅，74%的项目位于美国东北部和中西部地区。截至 2023 年 3 月，71%的项目已经实施了 CDC 更新的血铅参考值，其中大多数（65%）通过为医疗保健提供者和实验室提供指导来实现，该指导规定了应该启动病例管理和其他针对铅暴露儿童的服务的 BLL。
几乎所有的项目都有强制性的 BLL 报告法律，大约三分之二的项目更新了触发公共卫生行动的 BLL。
