Department of Animal Science, School of Agricultural Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mahikeng Campus), Private Bag X 2046, Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
Food Security and Safety Focus Area, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University (Mahikeng Campus), Mmabatho, 2735, South Africa.
Trop Anim Health Prod. 2024 Oct 1;56(8):310. doi: 10.1007/s11250-024-04120-w.
Usage of soyabean meal (SBM) in broiler diets is economically and environmentally unsustainable thus necessitating investigation of alternative protein sources. Therefore, this study investigated effects of incremental inclusion levels of Mucuna pruriens utilis seed meal (MSM) for partial substitution of SBM in broiler diets. In a completely randomized design (CRD), 400 day-old Ross 308 chicks were allotted to 5 iso-caloric-nitrogenous MSM-containing (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) dietary treatments. Each treatment was replicated 8 times, with each pen having 10 birds, during starter (d1 - 14), grower (d15 - 28), and finisher (d29 - 42) phases. Results showed that dietary MSM decreased feed intake (FI: quadratic: P < 0.001), body weight gain (BWG: linear: P < 0.001), and feed conversion efficiency (FCE: linear: P < 0.001) as it linearly decreased slaughter weight (SW: P < 0.001), hot carcass weight (HCW: P < 0.001), cold carcass weight (CCW: P < 0.001), dressing percentage (P < 0.001), and breast weight (P < 0.05). In contrast, dietary MSM linearly increased the weights of the liver (P < 0.01), proventriculus (P < 0.001), gizzard (P < 0.001), duodenum (P = 0.01), jejunum (P < 0.001), ileum (P < 0.001), caecum (P < 0.01), and colon (P < 0.01). Also, dietary MSM quadratically increased blood heterophils (P < 0.05) and alkaline phosphatase activity (P < 0.05) of the chickens whilst linearly increasing their serum amylase (P = 0.001) and lipase (P = 0.001) activities and linearly decreasing their serum symmetric dimethylarginine (SDMA: P = 0.001) and cholesterol (P < 0.05). Further, dietary MSM linearly decreased chicken breast meat ultimate pH (P < 0.05) whilst linearly increasing its cooking loss (P < 0.01), drip loss (P < 0.05) and shear force (P < 0.01). In conclusion, dietary MSM compromised growth performance, carcass characteristics, and meat quality of broilers as it increased the weights of their digestive-metabolic organs.
在肉鸡日粮中使用豆粕（SBM）在经济和环境上是不可持续的，因此需要研究替代蛋白质来源。因此，本研究调查了在肉鸡日粮中用麻豌豆（MSM）替代部分 SBM 的递增添加水平的效果。采用完全随机设计（CRD），将 400 日龄罗斯 308 雏鸡分配到 5 种含有等热量-氮 MSM（0、5、10、15 和 20%）的日粮处理中。每个处理重复 8 次，每个围栏有 10 只鸡，在育雏期（d1-14）、生长期（d15-28）和育肥期（d29-42）进行。结果表明，日粮 MSM 降低了采食量（FI：二次：P<0.001）、体重增加（BWG：线性：P<0.001）和饲料转化率（FCE：线性：P<0.001），因为它线性降低了屠宰体重（SW：P<0.001）、热胴体重（HCW：P<0.001）、冷胴体重（CCW：P<0.001）、屠宰率（P<0.001）和胸肌重量（P<0.05）。相反，日粮 MSM 线性增加了肝脏（P<0.01）、前胃（P<0.001）、肌胃（P<0.001）、十二指肠（P=0.01）、空肠（P<0.001）、回肠（P<0.001）、盲肠（P<0.01）和结肠（P<0.01）的重量。此外，日粮 MSM 二次增加了鸡的异嗜白细胞（P<0.05）和碱性磷酸酶活性（P<0.05），同时线性增加了血清淀粉酶（P=0.001）和脂肪酶（P=0.001）活性，线性降低了血清对称二甲基精氨酸（SDMA：P=0.001）和胆固醇（P<0.05）水平。此外，日粮 MSM 线性降低了鸡胸肉的最终 pH（P<0.05），同时线性增加了其蒸煮损失（P<0.01）、滴水损失（P<0.05）和剪切力（P<0.01）。总之，日粮 MSM 降低了肉鸡的生长性能、胴体特性和肉质，因为它增加了其消化-代谢器官的重量。
