Institute of Nuclear Physics Polish Academy of Sciences, Radzikowskiego 152, 31-342 Krakow, Poland; SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Krakow, Poland.
SOLARIS National Synchrotron Radiation Centre, Jagiellonian University, Czerwone Maki 98, 30-392 Krakow, Poland.
Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc. 2025 Feb 5;326:125218. doi: 10.1016/j.saa.2024.125218. Epub 2024 Sep 26.
Cancer radioresistance is a major problem in radiotherapy. Many strategies have been proposed to overcome this process including the use of radiosensitizing drugs such as C75 or silibinin. The overall result of all treatments (radiotherapy, chemotherapy, and combined treatment) is cancer cell death. On the other hand, each treatment affects cancer cells differently at the molecular level. However, little is known about biochemical changes induced in cancer cells by these treatments (especially in combined therapy) at the submicroscale. In this study, Raman microspectroscopy was applied to follow such changes induced in radioresistant prostate cancer cells by X-rays, radiosensitizing drugs (C75, silibinin), and a combined treatment. The analysis was supported by the Partial Least Squares Regression method to reveal spectral changes induced by an increasing dose of X-rays and concentrations of the drugs. The obtained regression coefficient (β) plots were compared to each other using a correlation coefficient (R). Our results show that PC-3 cells exhibit dose- and concentration-dependent responses to the treatment with different biochemical changes induced by X-rays in the presence of C75 and silibinin. Moreover, both drugs affect the cells differently at the submicroscale and independently from the X-ray's presence. Finally, C75 shows significant efficiency in the reduction of cell radioresistance.
癌症放射抵抗是放射治疗中的一个主要问题。已经提出了许多策略来克服这个过程，包括使用放射增敏药物，如 C75 或水飞蓟宾。所有治疗（放射治疗、化疗和联合治疗）的总体结果都是癌细胞死亡。另一方面，每种治疗在分子水平上对癌细胞的影响不同。然而，对于这些治疗（尤其是联合治疗）在亚微观水平上诱导癌细胞的生化变化，我们知之甚少。在这项研究中，拉曼微光谱学被应用于研究 X 射线、放射增敏药物（C75、水飞蓟宾）和联合治疗对耐辐射前列腺癌细胞的诱导变化。偏最小二乘回归方法支持分析，以揭示 X 射线剂量和药物浓度增加引起的光谱变化。使用相关系数（R）比较获得的回归系数（β）图。我们的结果表明，PC-3 细胞对 X 射线的存在下 C75 和水飞蓟宾的治疗表现出剂量和浓度依赖性反应，并且具有不同的生化变化。此外，两种药物在亚微观水平上对细胞的影响不同，并且独立于 X 射线的存在。最后，C75 显示出降低细胞放射抵抗的显著效率。
