Metabolomics and Proteomics Core, Helmholtz Zentrum München, Neuherberg, Germany.
Chair of Analytical Food Chemistry, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University of Munich, Freising-Weihenstephan, Germany.
Methods Mol Biol. 2025;2855:373-385. doi: 10.1007/978-1-0716-4116-3_22.
Cardiolipins (CL) are special lipids in many respects. First of all, CL are composed of four fatty acids linked by two phosphatidic acids, which provide CL a unique molecular structure. Secondly, in eukaryotic cells they are specific to a single organelle, mitochondria, where they are also synthetized. CL are one of the most abundant lipid classes in mitochondria, mainly localized in the inner membrane. They are key determinants of mitochondrial health and homeostasis by modulating membrane integrity and fluidity, mitochondrial shapes, and metabolic pathways. Disturbances in mitochondrial CL composition can lead to tissue malfunction and diseases. It is therefore important to develop analytical tools to study the mitochondrial lipidome, and more particularly the CL. The method described here allows the quantification of cardiolipins at the sum composition level in isolated mitochondria or in liver tissue by flow injection analysis coupled to differential mobility spectrometry (FIA-DMS), also known as DMS-based shotgun lipidomics.
心磷脂（CL）在许多方面都是特殊的脂质。首先，CL 由两条通过两个磷脂酸连接的四个脂肪酸组成，这为 CL 提供了独特的分子结构。其次，在心细胞中，它们是一种细胞器——线粒体的特异性物质，而线粒体也是 CL 的合成部位。CL 是线粒体中最丰富的脂质之一，主要位于内膜中。它们通过调节膜的完整性和流动性、线粒体的形状和代谢途径来成为线粒体健康和动态平衡的关键决定因素。线粒体 CL 组成的紊乱会导致组织功能障碍和疾病。因此，开发分析工具来研究线粒体脂组学，特别是 CL，是非常重要的。本文描述的方法通过流动注射分析与差速迁移谱（FIA-DMS）联用（也称为基于 DMS 的 shotgun 脂质组学），可以在分离的线粒体或肝组织中定量心磷脂的总组成水平。
