Modeling Habitat Suitability for and in Indo-West Pacific Mangroves.

Mangroves provide habitat for a diverse array of marine species, especially snails. We used a MaxEnt model to predict potential global suitable habitat for and in the family Potamididae. A total of 667 occurrence data were obtained from the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (GBIF) with the following sub-data set contribution, "iNaturalist Research Grade Observations" (85%), "International Barcode of Life project (iBOL)" (7%), "FBIP: SeaKeys_SANBI: Marine images iSpot_2013" (1%), "A dataset of marine macroinvertebrate diversity from Mozambique and São Tomé and Príncipe" (1%), occurrence data of some marine invertebrates and freshwater crabs housed in the natural history collection at the National Museums of Kenya (1%), and Natural History Museum Rotterdam-Specimens (1%). Our results showed that temperature with a contribution of above 80% in the present and future model is the most important driver of the distribution of mangrove snails. In the present and future models, the most potentially suitable habitats for .  and .  were observed along coastal areas with a temperature between 20°C-21°C and 30°C, respectively. Our model predicts that by 2100, high-suitability areas will shrink as a result of global warming. The vulnerability of mangrove snails under future climate conditions is evident in our results. Our findings contribute significant insights into the intricate relationship between mangrove habitats and mangrove snails, offering a valuable foundation for conservation initiatives aimed at safeguarding the biodiversity and ecological functions of these crucial coastal ecosystems in the face of changing global environmental conditions.