Jamshidnejad-Tosaramandani Tahereh, Kashanian Soheila, Omidfar Kobra, Schiöth Helgi
Nanobiotechnology Department, Faculty of Innovative Science and Technology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.
Department of Surgical Sciences, Division of Functional Pharmacology and Neuroscience, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden.
Front Bioeng Biotechnol. 2024 Sep 17;12:1446355. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2024.1446355. eCollection 2024.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a prevalent disorder with an urgent need for continuous, precise, and on-site biomarker monitoring devices. The continuous monitoring of DM biomarkers from different biological matrices will become routine in the future, thanks to the promising biosensor design. Lately, employing different nanomaterials in biosensor receptor parts has had a great impact on smart DM monitoring. Among them, gold nanostructures (AuNSs) have arisen as highly potential materials in fabricating precise DM biosensors due to their unique properties. The present study provides an update on the applications of AuNSs in biosensors for detecting glucose as well as other DM biomarkers, such as glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), glycated albumin (GA), insulin, insulin antibodies, uric acid, lactate, and glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies (GADA), with a focus on the most important factors in biosensor performance such as sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and stability. Specified values of limit of detection (LOD), linear concentrations, reproducibility%, recovery%, and assay time were used to compare studies. In conclusion, AuNSs, owing to the wide electrochemical potential window and low electrical resistivity, are valuable tools in biosensor design, alongside other biological reagents and/or nanomaterials.
糖尿病（DM）是一种常见疾病，迫切需要能够进行连续、精确和现场生物标志物监测的设备。由于前景广阔的生物传感器设计，未来对不同生物基质中的糖尿病生物标志物进行连续监测将成为常规操作。最近，在生物传感器受体部分使用不同的纳米材料对智能糖尿病监测产生了重大影响。其中，金纳米结构（AuNSs）因其独特的性质，已成为制造精确糖尿病生物传感器的极具潜力的材料。本研究提供了金纳米结构在用于检测葡萄糖以及其他糖尿病生物标志物（如糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）、糖化白蛋白（GA）、胰岛素、胰岛素抗体、尿酸、乳酸和谷氨酸脱羧酶抗体（GADA））的生物传感器中的应用的最新情况，重点关注生物传感器性能的最重要因素，如灵敏度、选择性、响应时间和稳定性。使用检测限（LOD）、线性浓度、重现性%、回收率%和分析时间的特定值来比较各项研究。总之，由于具有宽电化学势窗和低电阻率，金纳米结构与其他生物试剂和/或纳米材料一起，是生物传感器设计中的宝贵工具。
